IRCT2015011618389N3 IRCT 2015-04-30 Qom University of Medical Sciences and Health Services Vice chancellor Effect of Na/K citrate on contrast media-induced acute kidney injury A clinical trial of the comparison of the effect of drug Na/K citrate per os plus hydration with hydration alone on serum creatinine in high-risk patients after receiving contrast 2015-01-21 anticipated 400 Complete https://irct.ir/trial/16695 interventional Randomization: Randomized, Blinding: Not blinded, Placebo: Not used, Assignment: Parallel, Purpose: Prevention, Other design features: Block Randomization: Block randomization is commonly used in two treatment situations where sample sizes for two treatments are to be equal or approximately equal. The process involves recruiting participants in short blocks and ensuring that half of the participants within each block are allocated to treatment “B” and the other half to “C”. Conceptually there are an infinite number of possible block sizes. Suppose we consider blocks of size four. There are six different ways that four patients can be split evenly between two treatments: 1. AABB, 2. ABAB 3. ABBA, 4. BAAB, 5. BABA, 6. BBAA The next step is to select randomly among these six different blocks for each group of four participants that are recruited. 3 Acute renal failure. Intervention 1: Intervention group: all of the patients will receive Na/K citrate (one hour before and four hours after contrast intake) in addition to intravenous hydration (2 litter normal saline from 2 h before to 6 h after injection of contrast media). Potassium citrate is a potassium salt of citric acid with the molecular formula C6H5K3O7. Sodium citrate has the chemical formula of Na3C6H5O7. The combination formula is sodium –potassium citrate, a white odorless crystalline powder with a saline taste. It rapidly absorbs when given by mouth and leads to urine alkalization. It is widely administered in urinary calculi (kidney stones) treatment. The drug applied in this research (trade name Na/K Citrate) is made in Iran (Sepidaj chemical company). Intervention 2: Control group: All patients will receive intravenous hydration (2 litter of normal saline From 2 h before until 6 h after the contrast intake).