<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE trials [
<!ELEMENT trials (trial+)>

<!ELEMENT trial (main,contacts,countries,criteria,health_condition_code,health_condition_keyword,intervention_code,
          intervention_keyword,primary_outcome,secondary_outcome,secondary_sponsor,secondary_ids,source_support,ethics_reviews)>

<!ELEMENT main (trial_id,utrn?,reg_name,date_registration,primary_sponsor,public_title,acronym?,scientific_title,scientific_acronym?,
          date_enrolment,type_enrolment,target_size,recruitment_status,url?,study_type,study_design,phase,hc_freetext?,i_freetext?,results_actual_enrolment,results_date_completed,results_url_link,results_summary,           results_date_posted,results_date_first_publication,results_baseline_char,results_participant_flow,results_adverse_events,results_outcome_measures,results_url_protocol,results_IPD_plan, results_IPD_description)>
<!ELEMENT trial_id (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT utrn (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT reg_name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT date_registration (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT primary_sponsor (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT public_title (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT acronym (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT scientific_title (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT scientific_acronym (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT date_enrolment (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT type_enrolment (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT target_size (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT recruitment_status (#PCDATA)><!-- Pending,Recruiting,Suspended,Complete,Other -->
<!ELEMENT url (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT study_type (#PCDATA)><!-- interventional,observational -->
<!ELEMENT study_design (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT phase (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT hc_freetext (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT i_freetext (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_actual_enrolment (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_date_completed (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_url_link (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_summary (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_date_posted (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_date_first_publication (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_baseline_char (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_participant_flow (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_adverse_events (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_outcome_measures (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_url_protocol (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_IPD_plan (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_IPD_description (#PCDATA)>


<!ELEMENT contacts (contact+)>
<!ELEMENT contact (type,firstname,middlename,lastname,address,city,country1,zip,telephone,email,affiliation)>
<!ELEMENT type (#PCDATA)><!-- Public,Scientific -->
<!ELEMENT firstname (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT middlename (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT lastname (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT address (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT city (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT country1 (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT zip (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT telephone (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT email (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT affiliation (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT countries (country2+)>
<!ELEMENT country2 (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT criteria (inclusion_criteria,agemin,agemax,gender,exclusion_criteria)>
<!ELEMENT inclusion_criteria (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT agemin (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT agemax (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT gender (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT exclusion_criteria (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT health_condition_code (hc_code+)>
<!ELEMENT hc_code (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT health_condition_keyword (hc_keyword+)>
<!ELEMENT hc_keyword (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT intervention_code (i_code+)>
<!ELEMENT i_code (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT intervention_keyword (i_keyword+)>
<!ELEMENT i_keyword (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT primary_outcome (prim_outcome+)>
<!ELEMENT prim_outcome (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_outcome (sec_outcome+)>
<!ELEMENT sec_outcome (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_sponsor (sponsor_name+)>
<!ELEMENT sponsor_name (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_ids (secondary_id+)>
<!ELEMENT secondary_id (sec_id,issuing_authority)>
<!ELEMENT sec_id (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT issuing_authority (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT source_support (source_name+)>
<!ELEMENT source_name (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT ethics_reviews (ethics_review+)>
<!ELEMENT ethics_review (status,approval_date,contact_name,contact_address,contact_phone,contact_email)>
<!ELEMENT status (#PCDATA)><!-- Not approved,Approved,NA -->
<!ELEMENT approval_date (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT contact_name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_address (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_phone (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_email (#PCDATA)>
]>
<trials>
  <trial>
    <main>
      <trial_id>IRCT20200115046139N1</trial_id>
      <utrn></utrn>
      <reg_name>IRCT</reg_name>
      <date_registration>2020-04-24</date_registration>
      <primary_sponsor>Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Health Sciences</primary_sponsor>
      <public_title>The Effect of Postpartum Skin to Skin Contact on the Pain of First Intramuscular Injection to Newborn</public_title>
      <acronym></acronym>
      <scientific_title>Comparison of the Response To First-Intramuscular (IM) Injection Pain In Newborns With And Without Skin To Skin Contact</scientific_title>
      <scientific_acronym></scientific_acronym>
      <date_enrolment>2020-05-01</date_enrolment>
      <type_enrolment>anticipated</type_enrolment>
      <target_size>60</target_size>
      <recruitment_status>Complete</recruitment_status>
      <url>https://irct.ir/trial/45386</url>
      <study_type>interventional</study_type>
      <study_design>Randomization: Randomized, Blinding: Single blinded, Placebo: Not used, Assignment: Single, Purpose: Supportive, Randomization description: Block randomization will be used. Newborns and their mothers will be assigned to intervention and control groups through block randomization (block size of three). MedCalc program will be used to determine order of randomization, Blinding description: The mother and baby will not be informed about why skin-to-skin contact occurs.</study_design>
      <phase>N/A</phase>
      <hc_freetext>Pain of First Intramuscular Injection to Newborn.</hc_freetext>
      <i_freetext>Intervention 1: Experimental Group: When the baby is born, she/he shall be taken under the radiant heater at the mother’s room, the umbilical clamp shall be put, and the umbilical care shall be provided. After the mother and her baby wear a bracelet, the nappy shall be fastened, the baby cap shall be placed, the baby shall be covered with a preheated cover, and the STSC of the mother and her baby shall be provided. Before the mother takes the baby on her lap, the pulse oximeter probe shall be put on the right hand, and the cardiac apex beat and saturation shall be recorded through this method. Then, the NIPS (Neonatal Infant Pain Scale) shall be applied for pain assessment. The duration of crying, pain, cardiac apex beat and saturation shall be recorded before the STSC. when the baby is taken on her mother’s lap, the duration of crying, pain, cardiac apex beat and saturation shall be recorded after 5-minute STSC. Vitamin K support shall be given from the left leg, intramuscularly. After the Vitamin K support and additional 5-minute STSC, the duration of crying, pain, cardiac apex beat and saturation shall be recorded. After 10-minute STSC in total, the baby shall be taken under the radiant heater. After 5-minute observation under the radiant heater, the duration of crying, pain, cardiac apex beat and saturation shall be recorded, and the procedure shall be ended. Intervention 2: Control group: When the baby is born, s/he shall be taken under the radiant heater at the mother’s room, the umbilical clamp shall be put, and the umbilical care shall be provided. After the mother and her baby wear a bracelet, the nappy shall be fastened, and the baby shall stay under the radiant heater. The pulse oximeter probe shall be put on the right hand, and the cardiac apex beat and saturation shall be recorded through this method. Then, the NIPS (Neonatal Infant Pain Scale) shall be applied for pain assessment. The duration of crying, pain, cardiac apex beat and saturation shall be recorded before STSC. After 5-minutes, Vitamin K support shall be given intramuscularly from the left leg immediately after recording of pain, cardiac apex beat and saturation. 5-minutes later, the duration of crying, pain, cardiac apex beat and saturation shall be recorded.</i_freetext>
      <results_actual_enrolment></results_actual_enrolment>
      <results_date_completed></results_date_completed>
      <results_url_link></results_url_link>
      <results_summary></results_summary>
      <results_date_posted></results_date_posted>
      <results_date_first_publication></results_date_first_publication>
      <results_baseline_char></results_baseline_char>
      <results_participant_flow></results_participant_flow>
      <results_adverse_events></results_adverse_events>
      <results_outcome_measures></results_outcome_measures>
      <results_url_protocol></results_url_protocol>
      <results_IPD_plan>Undecided - It is not yet known if there will be a plan to make this available</results_IPD_plan>
      <results_IPD_description>Justification or reason for indecision in sharing IPD is There is no further information</results_IPD_description>
    </main>
    <contacts>
      <contact>
        <type>public</type>
        <firstname>Leyla Kaya</firstname>
        <middlename></middlename>
        <lastname></lastname>
        <address>_38 Üsküdar; Selimiye, Tıbbiye street.</address>
        <city>Istanbul</city>
        <country1>Turkey</country1>
        <zip>34668</zip>
        <telephone>+90 216 418 96 16</telephone>
        <email>leylakaya02@gmail.com</email>
        <affiliation>Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Health Sciences</affiliation>
      </contact>
      <contact>
        <type>scientific</type>
        <firstname>Leyla Kaya</firstname>
        <middlename></middlename>
        <lastname></lastname>
        <address>No: 38 Üsküdar; Selimiye, Tıbbiye street.</address>
        <city>Istanbul</city>
        <country1>Turkey</country1>
        <zip>34668</zip>
        <telephone>+90 216 418 96 16</telephone>
        <email>leylakaya02@gmail.com</email>
        <affiliation>Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Health Sciences</affiliation>
      </contact>
    </contacts>
    <countries>
      <country2>Turkey</country2>
    </countries>
    <criteria>
      <inclusion_criteria>Literate mother and her newborn infant
Mother aged between 18-35 years and her newborn infant
Mother giving birth to between 37-41 weeks of gestation and her newborn infant
Mother having no chronic disease and her newborn infant
Mother delivering her baby in a cephalic position and her newborn infant
Mother giving birth through vaginal delivery and her newborn infant
Mother having no mental or psychological problem and her newborn infant
Newborn having 1st-minute APGAR score (scoring system indicating health of newborn) of 7 or above and mother
Newborn weighing 2500-4000 gr and mother</inclusion_criteria>
      <agemin>1 day</agemin>
      <agemax>1 day</agemax>
      <gender>Both</gender>
      <exclusion_criteria>Mother having breech delivery and her newborn infant
Mother having kiwi, vacuum and forceps-assisted delivery and her newborn infant
Multiparous mother and her newborn infant
Newborn having an APGAR score of 7 or above after any intervention and mother
Newborn needing to be observed in the intensive care unit and mother
Newborn having congenital anomaly and mother
Newborn receiving oxygen treatment and mother
Mother rejecting skin to skin contact after birth and her newborn infant</exclusion_criteria>
    </criteria>
    <health_condition_code>
      <hc_code></hc_code>
    </health_condition_code>
    <health_condition_keyword>
      <hc_keyword></hc_keyword>
    </health_condition_keyword>
    <intervention_code>
      <i_code>Behavior</i_code>
      <i_code>N/A</i_code>
    </intervention_code>
    <intervention_keyword>
      <i_keyword>Experimental Group: When the baby is born, she/he shall be taken under the radiant heater at the mother’s room, the umbilical clamp shall be put, and the umbilical care shall be provided. After the mother and her baby wear a bracelet, the nappy shall be fastened, the baby cap shall be placed, the baby shall be covered with a preheated cover, and the STSC of the mother and her baby shall be provided. Before the mother takes the baby on her lap, the pulse oximeter probe shall be put on the right hand, and the cardiac apex beat and saturation shall be recorded through this method. Then, the NIPS (Neonatal Infant Pain Scale) shall be applied for pain assessment. The duration of crying, pain, cardiac apex beat and saturation shall be recorded before the STSC. when the baby is taken on her mother’s lap, the duration of crying, pain, cardiac apex beat and saturation shall be recorded after 5-minute STSC. Vitamin K support shall be given from the left leg, intramuscularly. After the Vitamin K support and additional 5-minute STSC, the duration of crying, pain, cardiac apex beat and saturation shall be recorded. After 10-minute STSC in total, the baby shall be taken under the radiant heater. After 5-minute observation under the radiant heater, the duration of crying, pain, cardiac apex beat and saturation shall be recorded, and the procedure shall be ended.</i_keyword>
      <i_keyword>Control group: When the baby is born, s/he shall be taken under the radiant heater at the mother’s room, the umbilical clamp shall be put, and the umbilical care shall be provided. After the mother and her baby wear a bracelet, the nappy shall be fastened, and the baby shall stay under the radiant heater. The pulse oximeter probe shall be put on the right hand, and the cardiac apex beat and saturation shall be recorded through this method. Then, the NIPS (Neonatal Infant Pain Scale) shall be applied for pain assessment. The duration of crying, pain, cardiac apex beat and saturation shall be recorded before STSC. After 5-minutes, Vitamin K support shall be given intramuscularly from the left leg immediately after recording of pain, cardiac apex beat and saturation. 5-minutes later, the duration of crying, pain, cardiac apex beat and saturation shall be recorded.</i_keyword>
    </intervention_keyword>
    <primary_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>Pain. Timepoint: Before the procedure, the 5th minute before the procedure, the 10th minute after the procedure, and the 15th minute after the procedure. Method of measurement: Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS).</prim_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>Crying time. Timepoint: Before the procedure, the 5th minute before the procedure, the 10th minute after the procedure, and the 15th minute after the procedure. Method of measurement: Crying time will be evaluated by timer.</prim_outcome>
    </primary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <sec_outcome>Cardiac apex beat. Timepoint: Before the procedure, the 5th minute before the procedure, the 10th minute after the procedure, and the 15th minute after the procedure. Method of measurement: Cardiac apex beat and saturation shall be recorded through a pulse oximeter probe.</sec_outcome>
      <sec_outcome>Oxygen saturation. Timepoint: Before the procedure, the 5th minute before the procedure, the 10th minute after the procedure, and the 15th minute after the procedure. Method of measurement: Oxygen saturation shall be recorded through a pulse oximeter probe.</sec_outcome>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_sponsor>
      <sponsor_name></sponsor_name>
    </secondary_sponsor>
    <secondary_ids>
      <secondary_id>
        <sec_id></sec_id>
        <issuing_authority></issuing_authority>
      </secondary_id>
    </secondary_ids>
    <source_support>
      <source_name>Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Health Sciences</source_name>
    </source_support>
    <ethics_reviews>
      <ethics_review>
        <status>Approved</status>
        <approval_date>2019-12-04</approval_date>
        <contact_name>Clinical Research Ethics Committee of Zeynep Kamil Women's and Children's Diseases Training and Rese</contact_name>
        <contact_address>No: 10 Üsküdar; Op. Dr. Burhanettin Üstünel street Istanbul Istanbul Turkey</contact_address>
        <contact_phone></contact_phone>
        <contact_email></contact_email>
      </ethics_review>
    </ethics_reviews>
  </trial>
</trials>
