<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE trials [
<!ELEMENT trials (trial+)>

<!ELEMENT trial (main,contacts,countries,criteria,health_condition_code,health_condition_keyword,intervention_code,
          intervention_keyword,primary_outcome,secondary_outcome,secondary_sponsor,secondary_ids,source_support,ethics_reviews)>

<!ELEMENT main (trial_id,utrn?,reg_name,date_registration,primary_sponsor,public_title,acronym?,scientific_title,scientific_acronym?,
          date_enrolment,type_enrolment,target_size,recruitment_status,url?,study_type,study_design,phase,hc_freetext?,i_freetext?,results_actual_enrolment,results_date_completed,results_url_link,results_summary,           results_date_posted,results_date_first_publication,results_baseline_char,results_participant_flow,results_adverse_events,results_outcome_measures,results_url_protocol,results_IPD_plan, results_IPD_description)>
<!ELEMENT trial_id (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT utrn (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT reg_name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT date_registration (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT primary_sponsor (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT public_title (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT acronym (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT scientific_title (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT scientific_acronym (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT date_enrolment (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT type_enrolment (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT target_size (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT recruitment_status (#PCDATA)><!-- Pending,Recruiting,Suspended,Complete,Other -->
<!ELEMENT url (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT study_type (#PCDATA)><!-- interventional,observational -->
<!ELEMENT study_design (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT phase (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT hc_freetext (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT i_freetext (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_actual_enrolment (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_date_completed (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_url_link (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_summary (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_date_posted (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_date_first_publication (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_baseline_char (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_participant_flow (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_adverse_events (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_outcome_measures (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_url_protocol (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_IPD_plan (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_IPD_description (#PCDATA)>


<!ELEMENT contacts (contact+)>
<!ELEMENT contact (type,firstname,middlename,lastname,address,city,country1,zip,telephone,email,affiliation)>
<!ELEMENT type (#PCDATA)><!-- Public,Scientific -->
<!ELEMENT firstname (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT middlename (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT lastname (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT address (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT city (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT country1 (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT zip (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT telephone (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT email (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT affiliation (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT countries (country2+)>
<!ELEMENT country2 (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT criteria (inclusion_criteria,agemin,agemax,gender,exclusion_criteria)>
<!ELEMENT inclusion_criteria (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT agemin (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT agemax (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT gender (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT exclusion_criteria (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT health_condition_code (hc_code+)>
<!ELEMENT hc_code (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT health_condition_keyword (hc_keyword+)>
<!ELEMENT hc_keyword (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT intervention_code (i_code+)>
<!ELEMENT i_code (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT intervention_keyword (i_keyword+)>
<!ELEMENT i_keyword (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT primary_outcome (prim_outcome+)>
<!ELEMENT prim_outcome (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_outcome (sec_outcome+)>
<!ELEMENT sec_outcome (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_sponsor (sponsor_name+)>
<!ELEMENT sponsor_name (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_ids (secondary_id+)>
<!ELEMENT secondary_id (sec_id,issuing_authority)>
<!ELEMENT sec_id (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT issuing_authority (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT source_support (source_name+)>
<!ELEMENT source_name (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT ethics_reviews (ethics_review+)>
<!ELEMENT ethics_review (status,approval_date,contact_name,contact_address,contact_phone,contact_email)>
<!ELEMENT status (#PCDATA)><!-- Not approved,Approved,NA -->
<!ELEMENT approval_date (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT contact_name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_address (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_phone (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_email (#PCDATA)>
]>
<trials>
  <trial>
    <main>
      <trial_id>IRCT20200204046368N11</trial_id>
      <utrn></utrn>
      <reg_name>IRCT</reg_name>
      <date_registration>2023-06-03</date_registration>
      <primary_sponsor>Arak university</primary_sponsor>
      <public_title>Exercise therapy and chronic back pain</public_title>
      <acronym></acronym>
      <scientific_title>The effect of Egoscue and NASM exercises with abdominal draw-in maneuver on pain and lumbar lordotic angle in women with chronic back pain</scientific_title>
      <scientific_acronym></scientific_acronym>
      <date_enrolment>2023-06-20</date_enrolment>
      <type_enrolment>anticipated</type_enrolment>
      <target_size>75</target_size>
      <recruitment_status>Complete</recruitment_status>
      <url>https://irct.ir/trial/69332</url>
      <study_type>interventional</study_type>
      <study_design>Randomization: Randomized, Blinding: Single blinded, Placebo: Not used, Assignment: Parallel, Purpose: Supportive, Randomization description: 10 cards, marked "A" for Egoscue, 10 cards marked "B" for NASM, and another 10 cards, marked "C" for the control group, will be placed in an opaque envelope. Each participant draws a card that represents the group for that person. A researcher who is not involved in the interventions will divide the participants into random groups, Blinding description: The researcher that does laboratory tests was not aware of the allocation of study groups.
The data analyzer will not be aware of the group's classification. The information about the groups will be provided to the data analyzer in the form of numbers 1, 2, and 3 and for each participant with a code.</study_design>
      <phase>N/A</phase>
      <hc_freetext>Condition 1: Chronic Non-Specific Low Back Pain. Condition 2: Lordosis.</hc_freetext>
      <i_freetext>Intervention 1: Intervention group: The Egoscue group will perform the Egoscue exercises along with the Abdominal Drawing-in Maneuver for eight weeks and three sessions per week. Egoscue exercises stretch and strengthen the muscles in order to correct the position of the spine and pelvis. These corrective exercises are designed with a focus on correcting the posture of the entire body. Abdominal Drawing-in Maneuver (ADIM) is a method that is often used to voluntarily activate the muscles of the abdominal area and eliminate the functional disorder of these muscles. Intervention 2: Intervention group: NASM exercises include 4 stages: Inhibitory technique, Muscle lengthening techniques, Activation technique, and Coherence techniques. This group will do exercises along with the Abdominal Drawing-in Maneuver for eight weeks and three sessions a week. Intervention 3: Control group: During the whole period of eight weeks, the control group will have their usual routine of life.</i_freetext>
      <results_actual_enrolment></results_actual_enrolment>
      <results_date_completed></results_date_completed>
      <results_url_link></results_url_link>
      <results_summary></results_summary>
      <results_date_posted></results_date_posted>
      <results_date_first_publication></results_date_first_publication>
      <results_baseline_char></results_baseline_char>
      <results_participant_flow></results_participant_flow>
      <results_adverse_events></results_adverse_events>
      <results_outcome_measures></results_outcome_measures>
      <results_url_protocol></results_url_protocol>
      <results_IPD_plan>Undecided - It is not yet known if there will be a plan to make this available</results_IPD_plan>
      <results_IPD_description>Justification or reason for indecision in sharing IPD is No further information available.</results_IPD_description>
    </main>
    <contacts>
      <contact>
        <type>public</type>
        <firstname>Zahra Raeisi</firstname>
        <middlename></middlename>
        <lastname></lastname>
        <address>Arak University, Karbala Boulevard, Basij Square</address>
        <city>Arak</city>
        <country1>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country1>
        <zip>3848177584</zip>
        <telephone>+98 86 3417 3492</telephone>
        <email>Z_raisi13@yahoo.com</email>
        <affiliation>Arak University</affiliation>
      </contact>
      <contact>
        <type>scientific</type>
        <firstname>Zahra Raeisi</firstname>
        <middlename></middlename>
        <lastname></lastname>
        <address>Arak University, Karbala Boulevard, Basij Square</address>
        <city>Arak</city>
        <country1>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country1>
        <zip>3848177584</zip>
        <telephone>+98 86 3417 3492</telephone>
        <email>Z_raisi13@yahoo.com</email>
        <affiliation>Arak University</affiliation>
      </contact>
    </contacts>
    <countries>
      <country2>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country2>
    </countries>
    <criteria>
      <inclusion_criteria>Age 18 to 35 years
Lordosis angle upper 35 degree
Not having any history of fracture and surgery in the spine
Not having a history of pathology, orthopedic injuries and joint diseases in the spine
Back pain level greater than 3 according to the visual analogue scale</inclusion_criteria>
      <agemin>18 years</agemin>
      <agemax>35 years</agemax>
      <gender>Female</gender>
      <exclusion_criteria>Reluctance to participate in exercises
Suffering from other spinal deformities
Severe visual impairment or vestibular problems</exclusion_criteria>
    </criteria>
    <health_condition_code>
      <hc_code>M54.5</hc_code>
      <hc_code>M40.46</hc_code>
    </health_condition_code>
    <health_condition_keyword>
      <hc_keyword>Low back pain</hc_keyword>
      <hc_keyword>Postural lordosis, lumbar region</hc_keyword>
    </health_condition_keyword>
    <intervention_code>
      <i_code>Rehabilitation</i_code>
      <i_code>Rehabilitation</i_code>
      <i_code>Rehabilitation</i_code>
    </intervention_code>
    <intervention_keyword>
      <i_keyword>Intervention group: The Egoscue group will perform the Egoscue exercises along with the Abdominal Drawing-in Maneuver for eight weeks and three sessions per week. Egoscue exercises stretch and strengthen the muscles in order to correct the position of the spine and pelvis. These corrective exercises are designed with a focus on correcting the posture of the entire body. Abdominal Drawing-in Maneuver (ADIM) is a method that is often used to voluntarily activate the muscles of the abdominal area and eliminate the functional disorder of these muscles.</i_keyword>
      <i_keyword>Intervention group: NASM exercises include 4 stages: Inhibitory technique, Muscle lengthening techniques, Activation technique, and Coherence techniques. This group will do exercises along with the Abdominal Drawing-in Maneuver for eight weeks and three sessions a week.</i_keyword>
      <i_keyword>Control group: During the whole period of eight weeks, the control group will have their usual routine of life.</i_keyword>
    </intervention_keyword>
    <primary_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>Pain. Timepoint: First week, fourth week, eighth week. Method of measurement: Visual Analogue Scale and McGill questionnaire.</prim_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>Lumbar lordosis angle. Timepoint: First week, fourth week, eighth week. Method of measurement: Spinal mouse.</prim_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>Disability. Timepoint: First week, fourth week, eighth week. Method of measurement: Roland morris questionnaire.</prim_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>Quality of life. Timepoint: First week, fourth week, eighth week. Method of measurement: SF-36 Questionnaire.</prim_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>Muscular strength. Timepoint: First week, fourth week, eighth week. Method of measurement: The modified Biering-Sorensen test.</prim_outcome>
    </primary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <sec_outcome>Postural sway. Timepoint: First week, fourth week, eighth week. Method of measurement: Pedoscan.</sec_outcome>
      <sec_outcome>Gait. Timepoint: First week, fourth week, eighth week. Method of measurement: Pedoscan.</sec_outcome>
      <sec_outcome>Kinesiophobia. Timepoint: First week, fourth week, eighth week. Method of measurement: Tampa scale.</sec_outcome>
      <sec_outcome>Body awareness. Timepoint: First week, fourth week, eighth week. Method of measurement: Body awareness questionnaire.</sec_outcome>
      <sec_outcome>Spine range of motion. Timepoint: First week, fourth week, eighth week. Method of measurement: Spinal mouse.</sec_outcome>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_sponsor>
      <sponsor_name></sponsor_name>
    </secondary_sponsor>
    <secondary_ids>
      <secondary_id>
        <sec_id></sec_id>
        <issuing_authority></issuing_authority>
      </secondary_id>
    </secondary_ids>
    <source_support>
      <source_name>Arak university</source_name>
    </source_support>
    <ethics_reviews>
      <ethics_review>
        <status>Approved</status>
        <approval_date>2023-04-19</approval_date>
        <contact_name>Research Ethics Committee of Arak University</contact_name>
        <contact_address>Arak University, Karbala Boulevard, Basij Square Arak Markazi Iran (Islamic Republic of)</contact_address>
        <contact_phone></contact_phone>
        <contact_email></contact_email>
      </ethics_review>
    </ethics_reviews>
  </trial>
</trials>
