<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE trials [
<!ELEMENT trials (trial+)>

<!ELEMENT trial (main,contacts,countries,criteria,health_condition_code,health_condition_keyword,intervention_code,
          intervention_keyword,primary_outcome,secondary_outcome,secondary_sponsor,secondary_ids,source_support,ethics_reviews)>

<!ELEMENT main (trial_id,utrn?,reg_name,date_registration,primary_sponsor,public_title,acronym?,scientific_title,scientific_acronym?,
          date_enrolment,type_enrolment,target_size,recruitment_status,url?,study_type,study_design,phase,hc_freetext?,i_freetext?,results_actual_enrolment,results_date_completed,results_url_link,results_summary,           results_date_posted,results_date_first_publication,results_baseline_char,results_participant_flow,results_adverse_events,results_outcome_measures,results_url_protocol,results_IPD_plan, results_IPD_description)>
<!ELEMENT trial_id (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT utrn (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT reg_name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT date_registration (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT primary_sponsor (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT public_title (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT acronym (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT scientific_title (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT scientific_acronym (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT date_enrolment (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT type_enrolment (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT target_size (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT recruitment_status (#PCDATA)><!-- Pending,Recruiting,Suspended,Complete,Other -->
<!ELEMENT url (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT study_type (#PCDATA)><!-- interventional,observational -->
<!ELEMENT study_design (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT phase (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT hc_freetext (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT i_freetext (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_actual_enrolment (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_date_completed (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_url_link (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_summary (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_date_posted (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_date_first_publication (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_baseline_char (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_participant_flow (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_adverse_events (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_outcome_measures (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_url_protocol (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_IPD_plan (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_IPD_description (#PCDATA)>


<!ELEMENT contacts (contact+)>
<!ELEMENT contact (type,firstname,middlename,lastname,address,city,country1,zip,telephone,email,affiliation)>
<!ELEMENT type (#PCDATA)><!-- Public,Scientific -->
<!ELEMENT firstname (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT middlename (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT lastname (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT address (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT city (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT country1 (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT zip (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT telephone (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT email (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT affiliation (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT countries (country2+)>
<!ELEMENT country2 (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT criteria (inclusion_criteria,agemin,agemax,gender,exclusion_criteria)>
<!ELEMENT inclusion_criteria (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT agemin (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT agemax (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT gender (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT exclusion_criteria (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT health_condition_code (hc_code+)>
<!ELEMENT hc_code (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT health_condition_keyword (hc_keyword+)>
<!ELEMENT hc_keyword (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT intervention_code (i_code+)>
<!ELEMENT i_code (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT intervention_keyword (i_keyword+)>
<!ELEMENT i_keyword (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT primary_outcome (prim_outcome+)>
<!ELEMENT prim_outcome (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_outcome (sec_outcome+)>
<!ELEMENT sec_outcome (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_sponsor (sponsor_name+)>
<!ELEMENT sponsor_name (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_ids (secondary_id+)>
<!ELEMENT secondary_id (sec_id,issuing_authority)>
<!ELEMENT sec_id (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT issuing_authority (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT source_support (source_name+)>
<!ELEMENT source_name (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT ethics_reviews (ethics_review+)>
<!ELEMENT ethics_review (status,approval_date,contact_name,contact_address,contact_phone,contact_email)>
<!ELEMENT status (#PCDATA)><!-- Not approved,Approved,NA -->
<!ELEMENT approval_date (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT contact_name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_address (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_phone (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_email (#PCDATA)>
]>
<trials>
  <trial>
    <main>
      <trial_id>IRCT20230907059376N6</trial_id>
      <utrn></utrn>
      <reg_name>IRCT</reg_name>
      <date_registration>2024-10-02</date_registration>
      <primary_sponsor>Afridi Medical Complex, Peshawar</primary_sponsor>
      <public_title>KDIGO guidelines effects in Cardiac surgery patients, prone to Acute Kidney Injury. A Randomized Control Trial</public_title>
      <acronym></acronym>
      <scientific_title>KDIGO guidelines effects in Cardiac surgery patients, prone to Acute Kidney Injury</scientific_title>
      <scientific_acronym></scientific_acronym>
      <date_enrolment>2022-02-27</date_enrolment>
      <type_enrolment>anticipated</type_enrolment>
      <target_size>86</target_size>
      <recruitment_status>Complete</recruitment_status>
      <url>https://irct.ir/trial/79243</url>
      <study_type>interventional</study_type>
      <study_design>Randomization: Randomized, Blinding: Single blinded, Placebo: Not used, Assignment: Parallel, Purpose: Treatment, Randomization description: The randomization process for the study will utilize simple randomization through a computer-generated random number sequence, ensuring that each participant has an equal chance of being assigned to either the intervention group (KDIGO guidelines) or the control group (standard care). The unit of randomization will be the individual participant, allowing for direct comparisons of outcomes between the two groups. While stratified randomization is not planned, if it were implemented, it would involve defining strata based on key variables such as age or baseline renal function to ensure balanced representation. The randomization will be facilitated by secure computer software that generates the random sequence, which will be prepared before participant recruitment begins to eliminate any potential biases. To maintain allocation concealment, sealed opaque envelopes containing the group assignments will be used; these will only be opened after a participant has been enrolled and consented. This rigorous approach to randomization aims to enhance the integrity of the study, ultimately providing reliable results on the effects of KDIGO guidelines on Acute Kidney Injury in cardiac surgery patients, Blinding description: In this study, assessors will be blinded to participants' group allocations to minimize bias in outcome evaluation. A separate third-party team will collect and analyze data, ensuring that assessors remain unaware of whether participants are in the intervention or control group. All outcome measurements will be coded, preventing any influence on their evaluations. This double-blind approach aims to enhance the validity of the findings regarding the impact of KDIGO guidelines on Acute Kidney Injury in cardiac surgery patients.</study_design>
      <phase>N/A</phase>
      <hc_freetext>Acute kidney disease.</hc_freetext>
      <i_freetext>Intervention 1: Intervention group: Patients in the intervention group underwent a rigorously controlled administration of the KDIGO recommendations (the "KDIGO CT surgery bundle"), which included the consequent actions: avoiding nephrotoxic substances, stopping angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) for the first fourty eight hours following operation, closely recording urine output and serum creatinine , avoiding hyperglycemia for the first seventy two  hours postoperatively, considering substitutes to radiocontrast substances, and closely observing hemodynamics. Intervention 2: Control group: The standard of treatment for persons in the control group included instructions to maintain central venous pressure (CVP) between 8 and 10 mmHg and mean arterial pressure (MAP) &gt;65 mmHg. As soon as the hemodynamic status stabilized and hypertension appeared, patients were given angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs).</i_freetext>
      <results_actual_enrolment></results_actual_enrolment>
      <results_date_completed></results_date_completed>
      <results_url_link></results_url_link>
      <results_summary></results_summary>
      <results_date_posted></results_date_posted>
      <results_date_first_publication></results_date_first_publication>
      <results_baseline_char></results_baseline_char>
      <results_participant_flow></results_participant_flow>
      <results_adverse_events></results_adverse_events>
      <results_outcome_measures></results_outcome_measures>
      <results_url_protocol></results_url_protocol>
      <results_IPD_plan>Yes - There is a plan to make this available</results_IPD_plan>
      <results_IPD_description>What will be shared:
KDIGO guidelines effects in Cardiac surgery patients, prone to Acute Kidney Injury. A Randomized Control Trial

When:
Data will be available after 6 months of publication for 1 year.

To whom:
The data will be available to all the doctors.

Conditions:
Data will be used just for education.

Where to obtain:
Data will be obtained from corresponding author mentioned in journal after publication.

How to obtain:
Person should email the corresponding author and wait for response in one week.

Comments:
</results_IPD_description>
    </main>
    <contacts>
      <contact>
        <type>public</type>
        <firstname>Mahboob Khan</firstname>
        <middlename></middlename>
        <lastname></lastname>
        <address>Afridi medical complex tehkal payan, University Rd, Tehkal, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa</address>
        <city>Peshawar</city>
        <country1>Pakistan</country1>
        <zip>25150</zip>
        <telephone>+92 91 5711751</telephone>
        <email>mehboob509@gmail.com</email>
        <affiliation>Afridi Medical Complex, Peshawar</affiliation>
      </contact>
      <contact>
        <type>scientific</type>
        <firstname>Mahboob Khan</firstname>
        <middlename></middlename>
        <lastname></lastname>
        <address>Afridi medical complex tehkal payan, University Rd, Tehkal, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa</address>
        <city>Peshawar</city>
        <country1>Pakistan</country1>
        <zip>25150</zip>
        <telephone>+92 91 5711751</telephone>
        <email>mehboob509@gmail.com</email>
        <affiliation>Afridi Medical Complex, Peshawar</affiliation>
      </contact>
    </contacts>
    <countries>
      <country2>Pakistan</country2>
    </countries>
    <criteria>
      <inclusion_criteria>Maintain central venous pressure (CVP) between 8 and 10 mmHg
Mean arterial pressure (MAP) &gt;65 mmHg</inclusion_criteria>
      <agemin>50 years</agemin>
      <agemax>80 years</agemax>
      <gender>Both</gender>
      <exclusion_criteria>Hyperglycemia
Urinary [TIMP-2].[IGFBP7] ≥ 0.3</exclusion_criteria>
    </criteria>
    <health_condition_code>
      <hc_code>N17</hc_code>
    </health_condition_code>
    <health_condition_keyword>
      <hc_keyword>Acute kidney failure</hc_keyword>
    </health_condition_keyword>
    <intervention_code>
      <i_code>Treatment - Drugs</i_code>
      <i_code>Treatment - Drugs</i_code>
    </intervention_code>
    <intervention_keyword>
      <i_keyword>Intervention group: Patients in the intervention group underwent a rigorously controlled administration of the KDIGO recommendations (the "KDIGO CT surgery bundle"), which included the consequent actions: avoiding nephrotoxic substances, stopping angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) for the first fourty eight hours following operation, closely recording urine output and serum creatinine , avoiding hyperglycemia for the first seventy two  hours postoperatively, considering substitutes to radiocontrast substances, and closely observing hemodynamics.</i_keyword>
      <i_keyword>Control group: The standard of treatment for persons in the control group included instructions to maintain central venous pressure (CVP) between 8 and 10 mmHg and mean arterial pressure (MAP) &gt;65 mmHg. As soon as the hemodynamic status stabilized and hypertension appeared, patients were given angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs).</i_keyword>
    </intervention_keyword>
    <primary_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>The incidence of Acute kidney injury within the first 72 hours following heart surgery served as the main objective. Timepoint: The degree of acute kidney inury within seventy two hours, the thirty, sixty, and ninty days. Method of measurement: KDIGO standards.</prim_outcome>
    </primary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <sec_outcome></sec_outcome>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_sponsor>
      <sponsor_name></sponsor_name>
    </secondary_sponsor>
    <secondary_ids>
      <secondary_id>
        <sec_id></sec_id>
        <issuing_authority></issuing_authority>
      </secondary_id>
    </secondary_ids>
    <source_support>
      <source_name>Afridi Medical Complex, Peshawar</source_name>
    </source_support>
    <ethics_reviews>
      <ethics_review>
        <status>Approved</status>
        <approval_date>2022-02-01</approval_date>
        <contact_name>Afridi Medical Complex ethical committee</contact_name>
        <contact_address>Afridi medical complex tehkal payan, University Rd, Tehkal, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Peshawar KhyberPakhtunkhwa Pakistan</contact_address>
        <contact_phone></contact_phone>
        <contact_email></contact_email>
      </ethics_review>
    </ethics_reviews>
  </trial>
</trials>
