]>
IRCT20250505065604N1 IRCT 2025-05-17 Riphah International University Comparative effects of clubbell and plyometric exercises on shoulder pain, range of motion and performance in bowlers. ROM Comparative effects of clubbell and plyometric exercises on shoulder pain, range of motion and performance in bowlers. 2024-09-01 anticipated 58 Complete https://irct.ir/trial/83335 interventional Randomization: Randomized, Blinding: Double blinded, Placebo: Not used, Assignment: Parallel, Purpose: Health service research, Randomization description: Randomization Methodology Method of Randomization: The study used cluster randomization. Clusters, rather than individuals, were randomly assigned to one of two intervention groups. This approach was used to prevent contamination between participants in different interventions. Unit of Randomization: The unit of randomization was the cluster. Clusters were formed based on predetermined criteria such as location, team affiliation, or training schedule. Stratification: Stratified randomization was employed to ensure balance across key variables. Clusters were stratified by training schedule before random assignment. This helped control for potential differences in training intensity or frequency. Tools Used for Randomization: The randomization sequence was generated using computer software—specifically, a random number generator in Microsoft Excel (using the RAND() function) or a statistical program such as R or SPSS. Random Sequence Generation: A list of clusters within each stratum was compiled. A random number was assigned to each cluster using the selected software. The clusters were then sorted based on these numbers. The top 50% were allocated to the Clubbell Exercise Protocol, and the remaining 50% were assigned to the Plyometric Exercise Regimen. This process was done separately within each stratum to maintain balance. Allocation Concealment: Allocation concealment was implemented to reduce selection bias. The person generating the random sequence was independent of the recruitment and intervention teams. Group assignments were stored in sealed, opaque envelopes, labeled with the cluster ID, and opened only after baseline assessments were completed, Blinding description: Blinding in this study involves making sure that the evaluations who measure outcome variables (pain, power, speed and agility) are uninformed of which participants are in which intervention cluster groups. This double-blind strategy helps to avoid measurement biasness. N/A we are not studying any specific health condition, we are only studying about the effects of interventions on pain, range of motion and performance in bowlers. Intervention 1: Intervention Group 1 – Plyometric Exercises: Participants in Intervention Group 1 will undergo a structured plyometric training program specifically designed to target the shoulder complex. Plyometric exercises utilize the stretch-shortening cycle of muscles to enhance neuromuscular performance, power, and dynamic stability. The intervention will include activities such as medicine ball chest passes, overhead throws, plyometric push-ups, and rebound catches against a wall. These exercises aim to improve proprioception, joint stability, and muscle activation patterns around the shoulder joint, which are critical for repetitive overhead movements in bowling. The training will be progressive in nature, starting with low-impact drills and gradually incorporating more explosive movements as tolerated. Sessions will be conducted 3 times a week for a duration of 6–8 weeks, with each session lasting approximately 30–40 minutes. The primary goal of this intervention is to reduce shoulder pain, enhance range of motion, and improve functional performance through increased muscular power and joint control. Intervention 2: Intervention Group 2 – Clubbell Exercises: Participants in Intervention Group 2 will be engaged in a clubbell training regimen, focusing on mobility, strength, and coordination of the shoulder girdle. Clubbells are weighted tools with a displaced center of mass that create torque and require high levels of muscular control during swinging movements. This training will include exercises such as shoulder circles, mills, gamma casts, and shield casts, which emphasize rotational strength, shoulder stability, and endurance. The asymmetrical loading pattern of clubbells challenges the stabilizing muscles of the shoulder and scapula, promoting enhanced motor control and joint integrity essential for bowlers. The intervention will also follow a progressive overload model, beginning with lighter weights and simpler movements and advancing to complex multi-planar patterns over the course of the 6–8-week program, with sessions held 3 times per week. The clubbell exercises aim to alleviate shoulder discomfort, increase joint mobility, and improve the kinetic efficiency and control necessary for repetitive bowling actions. Yes - There is a plan to make this available What will be shared: COMPARATIVE EFFECTS OF CLUBBELL AND PLYOMETRIC EXERCISES ON SHOULDER PAIN, RANGE OF MOTION AND PERFORMANCE IN BOWLERS. Deidentified Individual Participant Data Set (IPD) Study Protocol Informed Consent Form Clinical Study Report When: After September 2025 To whom: Researchers Student doctors Teachers Scientists Conditions: For the purpose of Rehabilitation and best treatment to the relative athletes Where to obtain: Online Publication as well as in hard copies as well How to obtain: if the relative person wants the data online then he have to search the article. Comments:
public Shahzaib Sajjad
26 M Gulberg 3 Lahore
Lahore Pakistan 54600 +92 300 9425452 drshahzaibsajjad@gmail.com Riphah International University scientific Shahzaib Sajjad
26 M Gulberg 3, Lahore.
Lahore Pakistan 54600 +92 300 9425452 drshahzaibsajjad@gmail.com Riphah International University Pakistan Pakistan Male Cricket Player Empty Can Test Positive Numeric pain reading 4+ Restricted Range of Motion Age from 17 to 30 years. 17 years 30 years Male Physically unfit or out of form players Recent Surgery (specially upper limb) Cardiac Issues Any sports related injuries (specially in upper limb) Players who's bowling action is not according to ICC criteria Other Other Intervention Group 1 – Plyometric Exercises: Participants in Intervention Group 1 will undergo a structured plyometric training program specifically designed to target the shoulder complex. Plyometric exercises utilize the stretch-shortening cycle of muscles to enhance neuromuscular performance, power, and dynamic stability. The intervention will include activities such as medicine ball chest passes, overhead throws, plyometric push-ups, and rebound catches against a wall. These exercises aim to improve proprioception, joint stability, and muscle activation patterns around the shoulder joint, which are critical for repetitive overhead movements in bowling. The training will be progressive in nature, starting with low-impact drills and gradually incorporating more explosive movements as tolerated. Sessions will be conducted 3 times a week for a duration of 6–8 weeks, with each session lasting approximately 30–40 minutes. The primary goal of this intervention is to reduce shoulder pain, enhance range of motion, and improve functional performance through increased muscular power and joint control. Intervention Group 2 – Clubbell Exercises: Participants in Intervention Group 2 will be engaged in a clubbell training regimen, focusing on mobility, strength, and coordination of the shoulder girdle. Clubbells are weighted tools with a displaced center of mass that create torque and require high levels of muscular control during swinging movements. This training will include exercises such as shoulder circles, mills, gamma casts, and shield casts, which emphasize rotational strength, shoulder stability, and endurance. The asymmetrical loading pattern of clubbells challenges the stabilizing muscles of the shoulder and scapula, promoting enhanced motor control and joint integrity essential for bowlers. The intervention will also follow a progressive overload model, beginning with lighter weights and simpler movements and advancing to complex multi-planar patterns over the course of the 6–8-week program, with sessions held 3 times per week. The clubbell exercises aim to alleviate shoulder discomfort, increase joint mobility, and improve the kinetic efficiency and control necessary for repetitive bowling actions. The primary outcome measure is 'PAIN', Which will be measured by (numeric pain rating scale). Timepoint: AT BASELINE, AT THE END OF SECOND WEEK, AT THE END OF FOURTH WEEK, AT THE END OF SIXTH WEEK. Method of measurement: The NRS is a modified version of the VAS that consists of a segmented numerical scale with 11 points ranging from 0 to 10. Patients are asked to select a corresponding number to indicate the pain intensity they are experiencing. This scale can be administered verbally or graphically. The second outcome measure is Range of Motion, which will be measured by (Goniometer). Timepoint: At baseline, at the end of second week, at the end of fourth week, at the end of sixth week. Method of measurement: A goniometer is an instrument that either measures an angle or allows an object to be rotated to a precise angular position. We can perfectly measure the exact Range of motion of the particular region (shoulder, arm, leg etc). The third outcome measure is performance which will be measured by various tests. Timepoint: At baseline, at the end of second week, at the end of fourth week, at the end of sixth week. Method of measurement: For Performance: Seated Medicine Ball Throw Test Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremities Stability Test One Repitition Maximum (Bench Press). Riphah International University Approved 2024-07-30 Research & Ethics Committee - Riphah College of Rehabilitation and Allied Health Sciences, Faculty o 26 - M Gulberg 3 lahore. Lahore Punjab Pakistan