<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE trials [
<!ELEMENT trials (trial+)>

<!ELEMENT trial (main,contacts,countries,criteria,health_condition_code,health_condition_keyword,intervention_code,
          intervention_keyword,primary_outcome,secondary_outcome,secondary_sponsor,secondary_ids,source_support,ethics_reviews)>

<!ELEMENT main (trial_id,utrn?,reg_name,date_registration,primary_sponsor,public_title,acronym?,scientific_title,scientific_acronym?,
          date_enrolment,type_enrolment,target_size,recruitment_status,url?,study_type,study_design,phase,hc_freetext?,i_freetext?,results_actual_enrolment,results_date_completed,results_url_link,results_summary,           results_date_posted,results_date_first_publication,results_baseline_char,results_participant_flow,results_adverse_events,results_outcome_measures,results_url_protocol,results_IPD_plan, results_IPD_description)>
<!ELEMENT trial_id (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT utrn (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT reg_name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT date_registration (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT primary_sponsor (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT public_title (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT acronym (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT scientific_title (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT scientific_acronym (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT date_enrolment (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT type_enrolment (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT target_size (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT recruitment_status (#PCDATA)><!-- Pending,Recruiting,Suspended,Complete,Other -->
<!ELEMENT url (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT study_type (#PCDATA)><!-- interventional,observational -->
<!ELEMENT study_design (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT phase (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT hc_freetext (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT i_freetext (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_actual_enrolment (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_date_completed (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_url_link (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_summary (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_date_posted (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_date_first_publication (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT results_baseline_char (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_participant_flow (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_adverse_events (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_outcome_measures (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_url_protocol (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_IPD_plan (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT results_IPD_description (#PCDATA)>


<!ELEMENT contacts (contact+)>
<!ELEMENT contact (type,firstname,middlename,lastname,address,city,country1,zip,telephone,email,affiliation)>
<!ELEMENT type (#PCDATA)><!-- Public,Scientific -->
<!ELEMENT firstname (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT middlename (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT lastname (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT address (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT city (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT country1 (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT zip (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT telephone (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT email (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT affiliation (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT countries (country2+)>
<!ELEMENT country2 (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT criteria (inclusion_criteria,agemin,agemax,gender,exclusion_criteria)>
<!ELEMENT inclusion_criteria (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT agemin (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT agemax (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT gender (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT exclusion_criteria (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT health_condition_code (hc_code+)>
<!ELEMENT hc_code (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT health_condition_keyword (hc_keyword+)>
<!ELEMENT hc_keyword (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT intervention_code (i_code+)>
<!ELEMENT i_code (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT intervention_keyword (i_keyword+)>
<!ELEMENT i_keyword (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT primary_outcome (prim_outcome+)>
<!ELEMENT prim_outcome (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_outcome (sec_outcome+)>
<!ELEMENT sec_outcome (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_sponsor (sponsor_name+)>
<!ELEMENT sponsor_name (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT secondary_ids (secondary_id+)>
<!ELEMENT secondary_id (sec_id,issuing_authority)>
<!ELEMENT sec_id (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT issuing_authority (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT source_support (source_name+)>
<!ELEMENT source_name (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT ethics_reviews (ethics_review+)>
<!ELEMENT ethics_review (status,approval_date,contact_name,contact_address,contact_phone,contact_email)>
<!ELEMENT status (#PCDATA)><!-- Not approved,Approved,NA -->
<!ELEMENT approval_date (#PCDATA)><!-- dd/mm/yyyy -->
<!ELEMENT contact_name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_address (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_phone (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT contact_email (#PCDATA)>
]>
<trials>
  <trial>
    <main>
      <trial_id>IRCT20250524065869N1</trial_id>
      <utrn></utrn>
      <reg_name>IRCT</reg_name>
      <date_registration>2025-06-09</date_registration>
      <primary_sponsor>Artesh University of Medical Sciences</primary_sponsor>
      <public_title>Comparison of high-dose and low-dose empagliflozin on fatty liver-related indices in patients with type 2 diabetes.</public_title>
      <acronym></acronym>
      <scientific_title>Comparison of high-dose and low-dose empagliflozin on fatty liver-related indices in patients with type 2 diabetes.</scientific_title>
      <scientific_acronym></scientific_acronym>
      <date_enrolment>2025-06-09</date_enrolment>
      <type_enrolment>anticipated</type_enrolment>
      <target_size>56</target_size>
      <recruitment_status>Complete</recruitment_status>
      <url>https://irct.ir/trial/83861</url>
      <study_type>interventional</study_type>
      <study_design>Randomization: Randomized, Blinding: Not blinded, Placebo: Not used, Assignment: Parallel, Purpose: Treatment, Randomization description: The randomization method will be alternate allocation; patients will be assigned to the first and second groups alternately based on the time of their first visit day (coordination of the sequence of patient entry will be handled by the clinic secretary, who has no role in the study analysis).</study_design>
      <phase>3</phase>
      <hc_freetext>Condition 1: Diabetes. Condition 2: Fatty Liver.</hc_freetext>
      <i_freetext>Intervention 1: Intervention group: Patients with type 2 diabetes and NAFLD receiving empagliflozin 25 mg (high dose). This tablet is prescribed daily for 24 weeks. Intervention 2: Control group: Patients with type 2 diabetes and NAFLD receiving empagliflozin 10 mg (standard dose). This tablet is prescribed daily for 24 weeks.</i_freetext>
      <results_actual_enrolment></results_actual_enrolment>
      <results_date_completed></results_date_completed>
      <results_url_link></results_url_link>
      <results_summary></results_summary>
      <results_date_posted></results_date_posted>
      <results_date_first_publication></results_date_first_publication>
      <results_baseline_char></results_baseline_char>
      <results_participant_flow></results_participant_flow>
      <results_adverse_events></results_adverse_events>
      <results_outcome_measures></results_outcome_measures>
      <results_url_protocol></results_url_protocol>
      <results_IPD_plan>No - There is not a plan to make this available</results_IPD_plan>
      <results_IPD_description>Justification or reason for not sharing IPD is There is no further information.</results_IPD_description>
    </main>
    <contacts>
      <contact>
        <type>public</type>
        <firstname>Farshid Mollaghasem Shemirani</firstname>
        <middlename></middlename>
        <lastname></lastname>
        <address>Shahid Chamran Hospital, Fakhrizadeh St., Langari St., Nobonyad</address>
        <city>Tehran</city>
        <country1>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country1>
        <zip>1693715814</zip>
        <telephone>+98 21 27956</telephone>
        <email>farshidshemirani@yahoo.com</email>
        <affiliation>Artesh University of Medical Sciences</affiliation>
      </contact>
      <contact>
        <type>scientific</type>
        <firstname>Farshid Mollaghasem Shemirani</firstname>
        <middlename></middlename>
        <lastname></lastname>
        <address>Shahid Chamran Hospital, Fakhrizadeh St., Langari St., Nobonyad</address>
        <city>Tehran</city>
        <country1>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country1>
        <zip>1693715814</zip>
        <telephone>+98 21 27956</telephone>
        <email>farshidshemirani@yahoo.com</email>
        <affiliation>Artesh University of Medical Sciences</affiliation>
      </contact>
    </contacts>
    <countries>
      <country2>Iran (Islamic Republic of)</country2>
    </countries>
    <criteria>
      <inclusion_criteria>Age above 18 and below 80.
History of diabetes, defined as HbA1c &gt; 6.4.
Ultrasound indicating of fatty liver.
Mental health and alertness, with informed consent.
Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) above 60.</inclusion_criteria>
      <agemin>18 years</agemin>
      <agemax>80 years</agemax>
      <gender>Both</gender>
      <exclusion_criteria>History of SGLT2 inhibitor use in the past 3 months.
Contraindication to SGLT2 inhibitors, including recurrent urinary-genital infections and drug sensitivity.
Secondary liver disease; including viral hepatitis, autoimmune hepatitis, and cholestasis.
Cirrhosis or advanced liver disease.
Use of corticosteroids, methotrexate, amiodarone, and other drugs that cause fatty liver.
Alcohol addiction.
Pregnant women.
Failure to complete the follow-up period.
Irregular use of empagliflozin.</exclusion_criteria>
    </criteria>
    <health_condition_code>
      <hc_code>E11</hc_code>
      <hc_code>K76.0</hc_code>
    </health_condition_code>
    <health_condition_keyword>
      <hc_keyword>Type 2 diabetes mellitus</hc_keyword>
      <hc_keyword>Fatty (change of) liver, not elsewhere classified</hc_keyword>
    </health_condition_keyword>
    <intervention_code>
      <i_code>Treatment - Drugs</i_code>
      <i_code>Treatment - Drugs</i_code>
    </intervention_code>
    <intervention_keyword>
      <i_keyword>Intervention group: Patients with type 2 diabetes and NAFLD receiving empagliflozin 25 mg (high dose). This tablet is prescribed daily for 24 weeks.</i_keyword>
      <i_keyword>Control group: Patients with type 2 diabetes and NAFLD receiving empagliflozin 10 mg (standard dose). This tablet is prescribed daily for 24 weeks.</i_keyword>
    </intervention_keyword>
    <primary_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>Framingham Steatosis Index (FSI): If the calculated number is greater than zero, the likelihood of fatty liver increases; on the other hand, if the result is negative, it weighs against the presence of fatty liver. Timepoint: At the initial visit and after 24 weeks from the start of treatment. Method of measurement: History taking, Meter, Scale, Mercury blood pressure monitor and Standard laboratory.</prim_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>FIB-4: Non-invasive index for liver fibrosis. Timepoint: At the initial visit and after 24 weeks from the start of treatment. Method of measurement: Standard laboratory.</prim_outcome>
      <prim_outcome>Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) Index: Indicates insulin resistance, a marker for fatty liver. Timepoint: At the initial visit and after 24 weeks from the start of treatment. Method of measurement: Standard laboratory.</prim_outcome>
    </primary_outcome>
    <secondary_outcome>
      <sec_outcome></sec_outcome>
    </secondary_outcome>
    <secondary_sponsor>
      <sponsor_name></sponsor_name>
    </secondary_sponsor>
    <secondary_ids>
      <secondary_id>
        <sec_id></sec_id>
        <issuing_authority></issuing_authority>
      </secondary_id>
    </secondary_ids>
    <source_support>
      <source_name>Artesh University of Medical Sciences</source_name>
    </source_support>
    <ethics_reviews>
      <ethics_review>
        <status>Approved</status>
        <approval_date>2025-05-06</approval_date>
        <contact_name>Research Ethics Committees of AJA University of Medical Sciences</contact_name>
        <contact_address>AJAUMS ,Etemadzadeh St., West Fatemi St. Tehran Tehran Iran (Islamic Republic of)</contact_address>
        <contact_phone></contact_phone>
        <contact_email></contact_email>
      </ethics_review>
    </ethics_reviews>
  </trial>
</trials>
