]>
IRCT20190831044649N2 IRCT 2025-09-20 Payame Noor University The effect of two types of training with and without blood flow restriction on some cytokines in men The effect of two types of resistance training with and without blood flow restriction on some pro-inflammatory cytokines in overweight men 2025-06-22 anticipated 50 Complete https://irct.ir/trial/84192 interventional Randomization: Randomized, Blinding: Single blinded, Placebo: Not used, Assignment: Parallel, Purpose: Health service research, Randomization description: Eligible participants (n=50), who were screened based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, were randomly assigned to one of the five study groups. To ensure genuine random allocation, a standard randomization procedure, such as using a random number table, was employed. This process was conducted in a manner that prevented the researchers from predicting which group a subsequent participant would be assigned to, thereby minimizing selection bias. To guarantee an equal number of participants across all groups (10 per group), a blocked randomization method was utilized. In this technique, a fixed block size (e.g., 5 or 10) was defined, and the sequence of assignments within each block was generated randomly. This approach ensures that at the end of the recruitment period, the number of participants in all groups is precisely balanced, Blinding description: Due to the nature of the intervention (resistance exercise training), implementation of double blinding was not feasible in this study. Participants were explicitly aware of their assigned group (resistance training with or without blood flow restriction), and trainers as well as researchers were necessarily informed about the type of intervention being administered. However, to enhance methodological rigor and minimize potential bias: Independent assessors , responsible for measuring outcome variables such as BMI and other anthropometric indices, were blinded to participants’ group allocations (single blinding ). Statistical analyses were conducted by data analysts who remained unaware of the group assignments throughout the analytical process. N/A overweight. Intervention 1: Group 1: Resistance Training with Elastic BandsParticipants in this group performed a resistance training program using TheraBand elastic bands for 6 weeks, with 3 sessions per week (total of 18 sessions). Each session consisted of 10 minutes of warm-up, 25–35 minutes of main exercise, and 5 minutes of cool-down. The training protocol began with 2 sets of 8 repetitions at ∼60% of 1RM and progressively increased to 3 sets of 10 repetitions at ∼75% of 1RM by the sixth week. The exercises included 6 movements (3 upper-body and 3 lower-body). Active rest periods of 60 seconds were implemented between sets. Intervention 2: Group 2: Resistance Training with DumbbellsThis group performed a resistance training program using adjustable dumbbells for 6 weeks, with 3 sessions per week. The session structure was identical to that of Group 1. The protocol included 12 exercises (6 upper-body and 6 lower-body) performed on alternating days. Training intensity started at 2 sets of 8 repetitions at 60% of 1RM and progressed to 3 sets of 10 repetitions at 75% of 1RM by the sixth week. Active rest intervals of 60 seconds were maintained between sets. Intervention 3: Group 3: Resistance Training with Elastic Bands + Blood Flow Restriction (BFR)The training protocol for this group was identical to that of Group 1 but was combined with blood flow restriction (BFR). Specialized rubber tourniquets (width: 3–5 cm) were applied to the proximal portion of the limbs. The tourniquet pressure was calibrated using Doppler ultrasonography to ensure complete arterial occlusion. The tourniquets remained inflated throughout the entire session (including rest intervals) and were deflated only after the session concluded. The procedure was supervised by a medical professional to ensure safety. Intervention 4: Group 4: Resistance Training with Dumbbells + Blood Flow Restriction (BFR)The training protocol for this group was identical to that of Group 2 but was combined with blood flow restriction (BFR). The BFR application protocol (tourniquet type, pressure, and supervision) was identical to that used in Group 3. Participants performed dumbbell exercises at the same volume and intensity as Group 2, with simultaneous application of BFR. Yes - There is a plan to make this available What will be shared: Information about the main outcome When: 6 months after results are published To whom: حققین شاغل در موسسات دانشگاهی و علمی Conditions: مقایسه با تحقیقات محققین دیگر Where to obtain: آدرس پست الکترونیک How to obtain: پاسخ به درخواست حداکثر یک هفته پس از ایمیل تقاضاکننده قابل وصول است Comments:
public Ali Barzegari
Bābol Keshvari Square - Imam Reza (AS) Street، Khodadad 17 Alley
Babol Iran (Islamic Republic of) 4716654849 +98 11 3225 7793 ali_barzegari@pnu.ac.ir Payame Noor University scientific Ali Barzegari
Bābol Keshvari Square - Imam Reza (AS) Street، Khodadad Alley 17
Babol Iran (Islamic Republic of) 4716654849 009811322257793 ali_barzegari@pnu.ac.ir Payame Noor University Iran (Islamic Republic of) The subjects' age should be between 20 and 30 years old. Subjects are overweight. Subjects should not have a history of any specific illness. Not using drugs and tobacco 20 years 30 years Male Age outside the defined range of 20 to 30 years. Body Mass Index (BMI) outside the defined overweight range or severe obesity (BMI ≥ 35 kg/m²). History of uncontrolled cardiovascular, respiratory, renal, hepatic, or metabolic diseases Use of medications known to significantly affect metabolism, inflammation, or immune function Regular structured physical activity or exercise training within the past 3 months. Tobacco smoking or alcohol consumption within the past 6 months. E66.9 Obesity, unspecified Other Other Other Lifestyle Group 1: Resistance Training with Elastic BandsParticipants in this group performed a resistance training program using TheraBand elastic bands for 6 weeks, with 3 sessions per week (total of 18 sessions). Each session consisted of 10 minutes of warm-up, 25–35 minutes of main exercise, and 5 minutes of cool-down. The training protocol began with 2 sets of 8 repetitions at ∼60% of 1RM and progressively increased to 3 sets of 10 repetitions at ∼75% of 1RM by the sixth week. The exercises included 6 movements (3 upper-body and 3 lower-body). Active rest periods of 60 seconds were implemented between sets. Group 2: Resistance Training with DumbbellsThis group performed a resistance training program using adjustable dumbbells for 6 weeks, with 3 sessions per week. The session structure was identical to that of Group 1. The protocol included 12 exercises (6 upper-body and 6 lower-body) performed on alternating days. Training intensity started at 2 sets of 8 repetitions at 60% of 1RM and progressed to 3 sets of 10 repetitions at 75% of 1RM by the sixth week. Active rest intervals of 60 seconds were maintained between sets. Group 3: Resistance Training with Elastic Bands + Blood Flow Restriction (BFR)The training protocol for this group was identical to that of Group 1 but was combined with blood flow restriction (BFR). Specialized rubber tourniquets (width: 3–5 cm) were applied to the proximal portion of the limbs. The tourniquet pressure was calibrated using Doppler ultrasonography to ensure complete arterial occlusion. The tourniquets remained inflated throughout the entire session (including rest intervals) and were deflated only after the session concluded. The procedure was supervised by a medical professional to ensure safety. Group 4: Resistance Training with Dumbbells + Blood Flow Restriction (BFR)The training protocol for this group was identical to that of Group 2 but was combined with blood flow restriction (BFR). The BFR application protocol (tourniquet type, pressure, and supervision) was identical to that used in Group 3. Participants performed dumbbell exercises at the same volume and intensity as Group 2, with simultaneous application of BFR. TNF-a. Timepoint: two stages: pre-test and post-test. Method of measurement: Sandwich ELISA kit. IL-1b. Timepoint: two stages: pre-test and post-test. Method of measurement: Sandwich ELISA kit. IL-6. Timepoint: two stages: pre-test and post-test. Method of measurement: Sandwich ELISA kit. Descriptive Indice: Height. Timepoint: pre-test. Method of measurement: Height was measured using a wall-mounted stadiometer (Model: Seca 213, Germany) with a measurement unit of centimeters (cm) and an instrument precision of 0.1 cm. Weight. Timepoint: In two stages: pre-test and post-test. Method of measurement: Body weight was measured using a calibrated digital scale (Model: Seca 813, Germany) with a precision of 0.1 kg. Body Mass Index (BMI). Timepoint: In two stages: pre-test and post-test. Method of measurement: Body Mass Index (BMI) is a derived anthropometric measure calculated from direct measurements of body weight and height. Payame Noor University Approved 2022-09-19 Research Ethics Committee of Payam Noor University Tehran, Mini City, Artesh Blvd., 1st Oil City, Nakhl St., Central Organization of Payam Noor University Tehran Tehran Iran (Islamic Republic of)