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IRCT20260604069637N1 IRCT 2026-06-08 University of Guilan Investigating the effect of two types of training programs on lower limb function and knee injury risk in karatekas Comparison of the Effects of Plyometric Training With and Without Symmetry Exercises on Lower Limb Performance and Knee Injury Risk Factors in Karate Athletes 2026-05-01 anticipated 45 Recruiting https://irct.ir/trial/90624 interventional Randomization: Randomized, Blinding: Not blinded, Placebo: Not used, Assignment: Parallel, Purpose: Supportive, Randomization description: Random allocation of groups was performed using sealed envelopes containing numbers. The person who drew the first number was assigned to the plyometric training with symmetric training group, the person who drew the second number was assigned to the plyometric training group, and the third person was assigned to the control group. Allocation concealment was maintained by an independent individual so that the researchers conducting the study were unaware of future allocations. After allocation was completed, the researchers were aware of the group assignments, and due to the nature of the intervention (exercise training), blinding of participants was not possible. N/A Knee injury risk factors and lower extremity function in karatekas. Intervention 1: Intervention group: plyometric training for eight weeks, two sessions per week. Intervention 2: Intervention group: plyometric training combined with symmetric training for eight weeks, two sessions per week. Intervention 3: Control group: control group. Participants in this group do not receive any interventional training program and only participate in pre-test and post-test. No - There is not a plan to make this available Justification or reason for not sharing IPD is There is no plan to share individual participant data due to confidentiality concerns and the academic nature of this master's thesis research.

public Atekeh Keivani

Unit 4, No. 168, Soroush 39 St., Moallem 17 St., Maidan-e Moallem, Mashhad, Iran

Mashhad Iran (Islamic Republic of) 9188775855 +98 51 3610 9780 Atekehkeivani1381@gmail.com University of Guilan, Faculty of Sports Sciences scientific Atekeh Keivani

Unit 4, No. 168, Soroush 39 St., Moallem 17 St., Maidan-e Moallem

Mashhad Iran (Islamic Republic of) 9188775855 +98 51 3610 9780 Atekehkeivani@webmail.guilan.ac.ir University of Guilan, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences Iran (Islamic Republic of) Regular karate activity at least 3 sessions per week- Having at least 1 year of training experience- Aged between 10 to 17 years- Informed consent of participants and parents- No cardio respiratory limitations- Not participating in another training protocol 10 years 17 years Both Behavior Behavior N/A Intervention group: plyometric training for eight weeks, two sessions per week. Intervention group: plyometric training combined with symmetric training for eight weeks, two sessions per week. Control group: control group. Participants in this group do not receive any interventional training program and only participate in pre-test and post-test. Lower limb asymmetry. Timepoint: Pre-test (before the intervention) and post-test (after eight weeks of training). Method of measurement: Calculation of limb symmetry index using single-leg jump test and triple hop test. The participant stands on the tested leg with hands behind the lower back, jumps as far as possible, lands on the same leg, and maintains balance for two seconds. Measurement is based on the distance from toe tip at start to heel after landing in centimeters. Each athlete performs three attempts per leg and the best result is selected. Lower Limb Reaction Time. Timepoint: Pre-test and post-test. Method of measurement: Video recording using mobile phone and On Form application at 720p quality and 240 fps. An LED light serves as a visual stimulus that turns on randomly between 2 to 10 seconds. The test includes three types of movements (standing, single-leg balance, and cutting movement) under single-task and dual-task conditions. Reaction time is calculated from the first frame of hand or body movement and converted to seconds. Agility. Timepoint: Pre-test and post-test. Method of measurement: Modified T-test with a distance of 20 meters. The subject runs from the starting line to cone B at a distance of 5 meters and touches its base with the right hand. Then, using side steps, moves to cone C (left) and cone D (right) and touches their bases. Finally, returns backward to the starting line. Each subject has two attempts and the best time in seconds is recorded. Vertical Jump. Timepoint: Pre-test and post-test. Method of measurement: First, standing reach height is recorded. The athlete marks the fingertip point with an outstretched hand upward. Then the athlete performs an explosive vertical jump and touches the wall at the highest point. The test result is calculated based on the difference between standing reach height and jump height. The best result from two attempts is recorded. Horizontal Jump. Timepoint: Pre-test and post-test. Method of measurement: The subject stands behind the starting line and performs a double-leg jump to achieve maximum horizontal distance. Landing must be controlled with balance maintained on the feet for three seconds. The distance from the starting line to the heel of the rearmost foot at landing is measured in centimeters. Each subject has two attempts and the best record is recorded. Knee Proprioception. Timepoint: Pre-test and post-test. Method of measurement: The subject sits on the edge of a bed with the knee at 90 degrees flexion. The goniometer is aligned with the axis on the lateral femoral epicondyle. The knee is placed at 30 degrees flexion, the subject closes their eyes. After 5 seconds, the subject is asked to actively return the leg to the same angle. This process is repeated three times. The same procedure is performed for 45 degrees flexion. Knee Range of Motion. Timepoint: Pre-test and post-test. Method of measurement: The subject lies in a supine position. The goniometer is aligned with three anatomical points: the greater trochanter (stationary arm), the lateral femoral epicondyle (axis), and the lateral malleolus (movable arm). Active flexion range from 0 to 135 degrees and active extension range from 0 to 10 degrees are measured. LESS Test. Timepoint: Pre-test and post-test. Method of measurement: The subject stands on a 30 cm high box. A target line is marked on the floor at a distance equal to half the subject's height. The subject jumps forward from the box and lands with both feet simultaneously next to the target line. Immediately, they jump for maximum vertical height. Two cameras record the frontal and lateral views of landing. Scoring is performed using the specific LESS form. Mawashi Geri Kicking Ability Test. Timepoint: Pre-test and post-test. Method of measurement: The subject stands in a ready position facing the target bag and is required to perform the maximum number of Mawashi Geri kicks with speed within 10 seconds. The number of correctly performed kicks within 10 seconds is recorded as the final score. University of Guilan Approved 2026-05-25 Ethics Committee of Guilan University Unit 4, No. 168, Soroush 39 St., Moallem 17 St., Maidan-e Moallem, Mashhad, Iran Mashhad Razavi Khorasan Iran (Islamic Republic of)