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IRCT20241004063260N4 IRCT 2026-08-05 Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Comparing Vibratory foam rolling and a stretching technique to improve ankle function and balance in female athletes with chronic ankle instability participating in high-impact sports Comparison of the Effects of Vibratory Foam Rolling and PNF Stretching on Calf Muscles Flexibility, Active joint position sense, and Dynamic Balance in Female Athletes with Chronic Ankle Instability in High-Impact Sports 2026-08-23 anticipated 23 Recruiting https://irct.ir/trial/92070 interventional Randomization: Randomized, Blinding: Single blinded, Placebo: Not used, Assignment: Crossover, Purpose: Treatment, Randomization description: Randomization and Allocation: Participants were randomly assigned to either the vibrating foam rolling group or the PNF stretching group. A computer-generated random sequence was produced using the "Randomizer" software. The unit of randomization was the individual participant, and no stratification was applied. Allocation concealment was ensured by keeping the group assignment hidden until the point of intervention. Blinding: To minimize bias, an assessor-blinded design was implemented. The researcher responsible for performing the functional and balance tests was blinded to the group allocation and the specific intervention received by each participant, Blinding description: A single-blind design (assessor-blinding method) was employed in this study. To implement this process, the interventions (vibrating foam rolling and PNF stretching) were administered by another individual, and the assessor (the researcher) was not present during the intervention sessions. Pre- and post-test evaluations were conducted by an assessor who was unaware of the specific intervention received by the participants. Furthermore, to prevent the disclosure of group. N/A chronic ankle sprain. Intervention 1: Vibratory Foam Roller (VFR): Participants received a single session of vibrating foam rolling intervention. The vibrating foam roller was applied to the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles. The intervention consisted of three 60-second sets with 30 seconds of rest between sets. Intervention 2: PNF stretch: Participants in this group received a PNF stretching session using the Contract-Relax technique. The intervention was performed on the posterior calf muscles (gastrocnemius and soleus) using a TheraBand. It included an isometric muscle contraction followed by passive stretching assisted by the TheraBand according to the study protocol. Undecided - It is not yet known if there will be a plan to make this available Justification or reason for indecision in sharing IPD is The data-sharing plan has not yet been finalized. Any future sharing will comply with ethical requirements and participant confidentiality.
public Farzaneh Yazdani
Sadra City Road, Shahid Doran Campus, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences
Shiraz Iran (Islamic Republic of) 7198754361 +98 71 3212 2600 yazdani_far@sums.ac.ir Shiraz University of Medical Sciences scientific Farzaneh Yazdani
School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shahid Doran Campus, after Amir-al-momenin Burn Accident Hospital, Sadra Town Road
Shiraz Iran (Islamic Republic of) 7198754361 +98 71 3212 2600 yazdani_far@sums.ac.ir Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Iran (Islamic Republic of) Inclusion criteria were: participation in high‑impact sports (volleyball, basketball, futsal, kickboxing) ≥3 times/week; at least one ankle sprain within the past year that caused limited activity for at least one day, self-reported conscious instability in walking or running within the past year, and a score of ≤25 points on the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT) questionnaire (total score of 30). 18 years no limit Female Exclusion criteria were joint hypermobility, any lower‑limb neurovascular or musculoskeletal disorders (excluding ankle sprains), or a history of head injury, back pain within the last 6 months Other exclusion criteria included ankle fracture and Grade III ankle sprains requiring surgery lower limb surgery within the past 12 months, bone limitations, vestibular or balance disorders, and neuropathies. M25.37 Other instability, ankle and foot Rehabilitation Rehabilitation Vibratory Foam Roller (VFR): Participants received a single session of vibrating foam rolling intervention. The vibrating foam roller was applied to the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles. The intervention consisted of three 60-second sets with 30 seconds of rest between sets. PNF stretch: Participants in this group received a PNF stretching session using the Contract-Relax technique. The intervention was performed on the posterior calf muscles (gastrocnemius and soleus) using a TheraBand. It included an isometric muscle contraction followed by passive stretching assisted by the TheraBand according to the study protocol. Calf muscles flexibility: Ankle dorsiflexion range of motion was assessed as an indicator of ankle mobility and calf muscle flexibility. Timepoint: Measurements were performed at baseline (before each intervention session) and immediately after completion of each intervention session. Method of measurement: Ankle dorsiflexion ROM was measured using the Weight-Bearing Lunge Test. The maximum distance between the great toe and the wall while maintaining heel contact was recorded. Ankle proprioception (joint position sense) was assessed by measuring the repositioning error at target ankle joint angles. Timepoint: Measurements were performed at baseline (before each intervention session) and immediately after completion of each intervention session. Method of measurement: Joint position sense was measured using the Biodex System 4 Pro. Absolute repositioning error was recorded at target positions of 30° plantarflexion and 20° dorsiflexion. Dynamic balance was assessed as the ability to maintain postural control during multidirectional reaching tasks. Timepoint: Measurements were performed at baseline (before each intervention session) and immediately after completion of each intervention session. Method of measurement: Dynamic balance was measured using the Y-Balance Test. Maximum reach distances in anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral directions were recorded and normalized to limb length. Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Approved 2025-07-30 Research Ethics Committees of Shiraz School of Rehabilitation Sciences Ethics Committee, Vice President for Research, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shahid Doran Campus, after Amir-al-momenin Burn Hospital, Sadra Town Road Shiraz Fars Iran (Islamic Republic of)