The purpose of this study was to compare lumbar muscle specific stabilization exercises with general exercises used for reducing pain and disability among patients with spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis.This single-blind, randomized controlled trial was performed at Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, in 2009. Twenty-four patients with spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis participated through simple non-probability sampling. Patients were selected based on following inclusion criteria: Nonspecific LBP for a period of at least 3 months, participants aged over 18 and less than 80 years old, appropriateness of motor control exercise in accordance with clinical assessment, patients who have not been contraindicated from doing exercise based on PARQ, participants diagnosed with Isthmic Spondylolysis or Spondylolisthesis by specialist, and patients who have not been contraindicated from doing exercise based on the (American College of Sports Medicine) ACSM guidelines. Patients were excluded if they had suspected for spinal pathology, pregnancy, nerve root complications, spinal column surgery, insufficient treatment, using other therapeutic modalities during the study. Subjects were randomly assigned to either the stabilization (N=12) or the general exercise group (N=12). Before and after intervention, we assessed pain (ordinal) through Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), lumbar lordosis (degree) with flexible ruler, range of lumbar flexion (centimeter) using Modified Schober test, and disability (ordinal) with The Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). A 24 session's exercise program which lasted 12 weeks, twice per week, and 30 minutes per session was performed for both groups