Comparative effects of Rocabado's Approach versus Jaw and Stick exercises on Pain, Range of motion and Disability among patients with Temporomandibular joint dysfunction

To Compare the Effects of Rocabado’s approach versus Jaw and Stick Exercises on Pain, ROM and Disability among patients with Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction

It will Single blinded randomized clinical trial with parallel group design. 23 Participants will be allocated to two groups equally by random computer number generator

It will be conducted at Rashid Latif Dental Hospital. Outcome assessor will be kept blind.

Inclusion Criteria: • Both male and female patients between age 20-60 years. Patients with mild to moderate TMJ dysfunction (according to Fonseca Questionnaire) • Patients with jaw pain and limited jaw range of motion, and limited mouth opening and associated joint pain • Patients with TMJ clicking sounds Exclusion Criteria: • Patients with a history of significant trauma of fractures to the jaw or temporomandibular joint, Patients with a history of systemic rheumatic diseases affecting the temporomandibular joint. Patients with severe TMJ dysfunction with recent oral surgeries were excluded

Group A: will receive Rocabado approach with baseline treatment. Group A will receive Rocabado’s approach consisting 6 exercises six times a day twice per week for four weeks. Group B: will receive Jaw and Stick Exercise with baseline treatment. Group B will receive Jaw and stick exercises with the frequency of 2 sets and 6 repetitions twice a day two times per week for four weeks

Pain: Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) ROM: Universal Goniometer Disability: Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) disability index questionnaire

Random computer number generator will be used for randomization. Assign unique identification numbers to participants, then use a reliable software tool to generate a list of random numbers. Match these numbers to participant IDs and allocate individuals to different study groups based on the sorted random numbers. Ensure that the randomization process is concealed and documented for transparency and integrity.

Single blinding in a study involves keeping the outcome assessor blind to the intervention received by the participants. This helps to minimize bias in assessing the study outcomes. To achieve single blinding, the outcome assessor is not informed about the treatment allocation of the participants and remains unaware of which group received the intervention being studied.