To compare skill and landing error of basketball players with flat flexible pes planus when using taping and kinesiology taping
Design
Randomized crossover design
Settings and conduct
Among 112 basketball players who volunteered and met the inclusion criteria, 12 will be randomly selected as subjects. This is a randomized crossover study.
Participants/Inclusion and exclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria included a score of 0.89 on the Stahely Index, ankle problems, age range 18 to 25 years, and at least three years of regular participation in basketball. Exclusion criteria included a history of lower extremity injury in the past 12 months.
Intervention groups
The control group represents the no-taping condition, intervention group 1 represents the post-taping condition, and intervention group 2 represents the post-kinesio taping condition. Low-dye taping is an effective method to increase the height of the navicular and correct overpronated feet or flat feet. A two-inch-wide, hard, white zinc oxide adhesive plaster will be used for Low-dye taping. Depending on the size of the athlete's foot, about 5 to 6 strips can be used to completely cover the metatarsal part of the foot. The navicular sling kinesio taping method is also used to correct overpronated feet or flat feet. To perform navicular sling kinesio taping, a two-inch-wide blue kinesio tape from Rock Tape will be used. The taping site should be clean, dry, and hair-free. The evaluations include the assessment of landing errors and skills in different conditions (without taping, taping, and kinesio taping) and in a randomized and crossover manner (with a half-hour interval in each group and two minutes between each test) in three groups.
Main outcome variables
Skill, Landing errors
General information
Reason for update
Acronym
IRCT registration information
IRCT registration number:IRCT20250622066219N1
Registration date:2025-10-20, 1404/07/28
Registration timing:retrospective
Last update:2025-10-20, 1404/07/28
Update count:0
Registration date
2025-10-20, 1404/07/28
Registrant information
Name
Hemn Mohammadi
Name of organization / entity
University of Kurdistan
Country
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Phone
+98 87 3366 4600
Email address
h.mohammadi@uok.ac.ir
Recruitment status
Recruitment complete
Funding source
Expected recruitment start date
2025-07-20, 1404/04/29
Expected recruitment end date
2025-09-21, 1404/06/30
Actual recruitment start date
empty
Actual recruitment end date
empty
Trial completion date
empty
Scientific title
Comparison of Skill and Landing Technique in Basketball Players with Pes Planus: When Using Taping and Kinesiology Taping
Public title
The effect of pes planus taping on landing and skill
Purpose
Prevention
Inclusion/Exclusion criteria
Inclusion criteria:
Score 0.89 (Stahali Index)
No ankle problems or misalignments.
Age range 18–25 years.
Having at least three years of regular basketball participation.
Exclusion criteria:
History of lower extremity injury in the past 12 months
Age
From 18 years old to 25 years old
Gender
Male
Phase
N/A
Groups that have been masked
No information
Sample size
Target sample size:
36
More than 1 sample in each individual
Number of samples in each individual:
3
Taping, No taping, Kinesiotaping
Randomization (investigator's opinion)
Randomized
Randomization description
Random number generation software:
Using the software (Random.org) and the numbers 3, 2, 1, three-digit numbers were generated as many as the number of subjects. For example, if subject number one came up with the number 312, the ones digit (no tapping condition), the tens digit (tapping condition), and the hundreds digit (kinesio-tapping condition) in the number 312 each represent a test condition. Therefore, in subject number one with the random number 312, the tests were first performed in the tapping condition (1), then in the no tapping condition (2), and finally in the kinesio-tapping condition (3).
Blinding (investigator's opinion)
Not blinded
Blinding description
Placebo
Not used
Assignment
Crossover
Other design features
Secondary Ids
empty
Ethics committees
1
Ethics committee
Name of ethics committee
Research Ethics Committee of the University of Kurdistan
Street address
University of Kurdistan,Pasdaran Boulevard, Sanandaj City, Kurdistan Province, Iran
City
Sanandaj
Province
Kurdistan
Postal code
6617715175
Approval date
2024-04-27, 1403/02/08
Ethics committee reference number
IR.UOK.REC.1403.012
Health conditions studied
1
Description of health condition studied
flexible pes planus
ICD-10 code
M95.9
ICD-10 code description
Acquired deformity of musculoskeletal system, unspecified
Primary outcomes
1
Description
Skill
Timepoint
Before taping, another half hour and after taping, another hour and after kinesio taping
Method of measurement
Throw test
2
Description
Landing error
Timepoint
Before taping, another half hour and after taping, another hour and after kinesio taping
Method of measurement
Landing Error Scoring System Test
Secondary outcomes
1
Description
Landing technique
Timepoint
Before taping, another half hour, and after taping, another hour, and after kinesio taping
Method of measurement
Landing Error Scoring System Test
Intervention groups
1
Description
Control group: This group represents the condition where no tapping is performed. Assessments in this condition include landing error and skill tests in the pre-tip condition. At the beginning, landing error tests and skill tests are taught, and then each test will be performed two to three times as a trial to familiarize yourself with the test. Initially, athletes will perform the Landing Error Test (LESS test), and after a two-minute rest, randomly perform all three skill tests (freestyle, jump shot, and layup tests) with a two-minute rest interval. Each test will be performed three times, and the best record for the athlete will be recorded as the test score.
Category
Prevention
2
Description
Intervention Group 1: This group represents the post-taping condition. The intervention in this group includes taping using the Low-dye method. Low-dye taping is an effective method for increasing navicular height and correcting overpronated or flat feet, and is also used to increase explosive power in jumping activities. This taping method appears to have a direct effect on the jumping pattern of flat-footed basketball players. A two-inch-wide, hard, white zinc oxide adhesive plaster will be used to perform Low-dye taping. In this method, the subject places their ankle in a neutral position. To apply taping, a tape is applied as an anchor, from the medial head of the first metatarsal joint, under the medial ankle, and behind the heel. It then continues from the medial ankle to the lateral head of the fifth metatarsal joint. Then, the tapes continue from the outer part of the foot and inward in parallel. All of these tapes extend from the outer part of the anchor to the sole and the inner part of the anchor. Depending on the size of the athlete's foot, about 5 to 6 tapes can be used to completely cover the metatarsal part of the foot. All assessments (landing errors and skills) in this situation are performed in a random and cross-over manner, half an hour after the assessment of the control group, and in the condition after applying the taping method by the Low-dye method, with a two-minute rest interval between each test.
Category
Prevention
3
Description
Intervention group 2: This group represents the situation after kinesio taping. The intervention in this group includes kinesio taping using the navicular sling method. This method is used to correct an overpronated foot or flat feet. To perform kinesio taping with the navicular sling, a two-inch wide blue kinesio tape from the Rock Tape brand will be used. The taping site should be clean, dry, and hairless. The kinesio taping method begins on the top of the foot, so that the kinesio tape continues from the middle of the foot outward and over the metatarsals and extends to the fifth metatarsal bone, then extends from the bottom of the foot inward and over the first metatarsal, continuing under the navicular and upward, and then passing over the medial ankle. Then it is pulled outward and upward from the front of the ankle, passing over the outer ankle and stretching towards the back of the foot and above the Achilles tendon, and ends. All assessments (landing errors and skills) in this situation are performed in a random and cross-over manner, one hour after the assessment of the control group and half an hour after the assessment of the Low-dye taping group, in the conditions after applying kinesio taping using the Navicular Slink method, and with a two-minute rest interval between each test.
Category
Prevention
Recruitment centers
1
Recruitment center
Name of recruitment center
Physical Education Laboratory, University of Kurdistan
Full name of responsible person
Hemn Mohammadi
Street address
University of Kurdistan,Pasdaran Boulevard, Sanandaj City, Kurdistan Province, Iran
City
Sanandaj
Province
Kurdistan
Postal code
6617715175
Phone
+98 87 6633 6400
Fax
+98 87 6633 6400
Email
h.mohammadi@uok.ac.ir
Web page address
https://uok.ac.ir/
Sponsors / Funding sources
1
Sponsor
Name of organization / entity
University of Kurdistan
Full name of responsible person
Ali Akbar Mozafari
Street address
University of Kurdistan,Pasdaran Boulevard, Sanandaj City, Kurdistan Province, Iran
City
Sanandaj
Province
Kurdistan
Postal code
6617715175
Phone
+98 87 3366 4608
Fax
+98 87 3366 4606
Email
h.mohammadi@uok.ac.ir
Web page address
https://uok.ac.ir/
Grant name
Annual supervisor grant
Grant code / Reference number
1403-1404
Is the source of funding the same sponsor organization/entity?
Yes
Title of funding source
University of Kurdistan
Proportion provided by this source
100
Public or private sector
Public
Domestic or foreign origin
Domestic
Category of foreign source of funding
empty
Country of origin
Type of organization providing the funding
Academic
Person responsible for general inquiries
Contact
Name of organization / entity
The University of Kurdistan
Full name of responsible person
Hemn Mohammadi
Position
Associate professor
Latest degree
Ph.D.
Other areas of specialty/work
Sports injury and corrective exercises
Street address
University of Kurdistan,Pasdaran Boulevard, Sanandaj City, Kurdistan Province, Iran
City
Sanandaj
Province
Kurdistan
Postal code
6617715175
Phone
+98 87 6633 6400
Fax
+98 87 6633 6400
Email
h.mohammadi@uok.ac.ir
Web page address
https://uok.ac.ir/
Person responsible for scientific inquiries
Contact
Name of organization / entity
The University of Kurdistan
Full name of responsible person
Hemn Mohammadi
Position
Associate professor
Latest degree
Ph.D.
Other areas of specialty/work
Sports injury and corrective exercises
Street address
University of Kurdistan,Pasdaran Boulevard, Sanandaj City, Kurdistan Province, Iran
City
Sanandaj
Province
Kurdistan
Postal code
6617715175
Phone
+98 87 6633 6400
Fax
+98 87 6633 6400
Email
h.mohammadi@uok.ac.ir
Web page address
https://uok.ac.ir/
Person responsible for updating data
Contact
Name of organization / entity
The University of Kurdistan
Full name of responsible person
Hemn Mohammadi
Position
Associate professor
Latest degree
Ph.D.
Other areas of specialty/work
Sports injury and corrective exercises
Street address
University of Kurdistan,Pasdaran Boulevard, Sanandaj City, Kurdistan Province, Iran
City
Sanandaj
Province
Kurdistan
Postal code
6617715175
Phone
+98 87 6633 6400
Fax
+98 87 6633 6400
Email
h.mohammadi@uok.ac.ir
Web page address
https://uok.ac.ir/
Sharing plan
Deidentified Individual Participant Data Set (IPD)
Yes - There is a plan to make this available
Study Protocol
Yes - There is a plan to make this available
Statistical Analysis Plan
Yes - There is a plan to make this available
Informed Consent Form
Yes - There is a plan to make this available
Clinical Study Report
Yes - There is a plan to make this available
Analytic Code
Yes - There is a plan to make this available
Data Dictionary
Yes - There is a plan to make this available
Title and more details about the data/document
All data is potentially shareable after de-identifying individuals.
When the data will become available and for how long
Access period begins three months after results are published.
To whom data/document is available
In addition to academic researchers, people involved in sports medicine can also apply for them.
Under which criteria data/document could be used
After receiving the request email, if approved by the university's central library, the data will be sent within a week.
From where data/document is obtainable
Corresponding author's email address
What processes are involved for a request to access data/document
After approved by the university's central library, the data will be sent within a week.