Comparison of the effect of eccentric and concentric biased exercises on foot posture and balance in individuals with flatfoot

The purpose of this study is comparing the effect of eccentric and concentric biased exercises on foot posture and balance in individuals with flatfoot

A clinical trial with the control group, with parallel groups, randomized

First, the subjects will be selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study, and after completing the personal information form and consent form, they will be divided into three groups: two experimental groups and a control group, all of whom have flexible flatfoot. First, a pre-test will be taken from all subjects, then the experimental groups will perform eccentric and concentric biased exercises, while the control group will only perform daily activities. The experimental groups will perform the exercises for 6 weeks, three days a week, each session for 20-40 minutes.

The inclusion criteria: being female, having a flexible flatfoot, having a navicular drop of more than 10 millimeters, and having a body mass index (BMI) between 18 and 25. The exclusion: a history of injury, fracture, or surgery in the lower extremities, non-participation in two consecutive training sessions, and engaging in activities outside the participants' training program.

In eccentric biased exercises, the emphasis is on the eccentric phase, while in concentric exercises, the emphasis is on the concentric phase. The exercises used in this study included heel raises, the short foot exercise, and great toe (hallux) flexion.

Navicular Drop index, Y balance Test, Stork balance test

The simple randomization method, using sealed envelopes, is employed to assign participants to different groups. Each intervention type is written on a card and placed in a sealed envelope. Participants are listed in the order of their enrollment in the study. After each participant is enrolled, the envelopes are shuffled randomly, and each participant is asked to select one envelope at random. The number of envelopes is determined based on the expected sample size, ensuring that each selected envelope is not re-entered into the randomization process. This method ensures that the number of participants in each experimental group is approximately equal, thereby reducing the risk of discrepancies in group sizes.

After the article is published, raw data without identifying the participants will be available by email to the corresponding author of the article.

After the article is published, raw data without identifying the participants will be available by email to the corresponding author of the article.

Any author who needs raw data, with a reason

Any researcher can request data.

By email to the correspondence author

By email to the correspondence author