Comparing the results of using a drain and not using a drain in mammoplasty patients with volume reduction of less than 500 cc

To determine the surgical outcome and complication rates in reduction mammaplasty with less than ۵۰۰ cc resection, with and without the use of drains

This trial has two intervention and control groups, which are randomly assigned to two groups of 13 people in a block design. All surgical procedures are the same for both groups, and the only difference is the use of a drain or not after surgery. This study is in phase 3

This study is a single-blind clinical trial that will be conducted at Hazrat Fatemeh Hospital in Tehran, Iran. All patients will undergo surgery using a standardized superomedial pedicle, short scar technique, with the only variable being drain use.

Inclusion Criteria: • Patients aged between ۱۸ and ۶۵ years. • Undergoing reduction mammaplasty with a resection volume of less than ۵۰۰ cc per breast. • Body Mass Index (BMI) between ۱۸ and ۳۰ kg/m². • No history of breast pathology (e.g., benign or malignant tumors). Exclusion Criteria: • Simultaneous performance of other surgical procedures on the breast. • Resection volume greater than ۵۰۰ cc per breast. • History of underlying diseases such as uncontrolled diabetes, heart failure, or renal failure. • Active smokers or those with a history of smoking within the past ۶ months. • History of bleeding disorders or current use of anticoagulant medications. • Previous history of radiotherapy or surgery involving the breast. • Presence of active infections or chronic wounds at the time of surgery.

two groups: intervention Group (with drain placement after surgery) and Group control (without drain placement).

wound dehiscence, the total duration of healing and complete recovery (in days), hematoma, seroma, postoperative infection

the randomized block design method will be used. For this purpose, the sample size will be determined based on the online software and then, based on the code obtained from the block design analysis, one of the codes will be randomly selected in the operating room and assigned to the patients. Blocks of four participants will be created and two participants from each group will be placed in each block. Among the codes, one of the methods of using a drain and not using it will be selected for the patient

Postoperatively, patients will be monitored for seroma, hematoma, wound dehiscence, and infection using ultrasound and clinical assessment, and their data will be recorded. The person assessing the outcome and the person analyzing the data are blinded to the use or non-use of drains

A pre-prepared checklist including patient demographic information such as age, gender, volume drained, seroma, hematoma, wound dehiscence rate, healing time, etc. will be performed; all this information will be shared after the study is completed

One year after publication of the article, the original data will be available for use by other authors

Researchers in the field of plastic surgery inside and outside Iran

The use of data and documentation is permitted provided the authors' names are mentioned and the article is cited

The author was emailed to obtain the data. d.alaa.aqel@gmail.com

First, the author will be sent an email, and after a week, if there is no response, a reminder will be sent, and the author will provide the documentation file to the requester after confirming their identity