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Study aim: Determining the effect of visual perturbation training on kinematics and kinetics associated with anterior cruciate ligament reinjury during an unanticipated cutting maneuver in athletes Design: A controlled clinical trial with an intervention group, single-blind, randomized by computer random numbers on 24 athletes with a history of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Settings and conduct: Eligible athletes were randomly assigned to control or intervention groups using a random number generator. All participants completed a pre-test at the Sport Sciences Research Institute, with data collectors blinded to group allocation. The control group performed only neuromuscular exercises, while the intervention group did the same training combined with visual disturbance using glasses. After eight weeks of training, participants repeated the post-test, and changes in biomechanical variables were analyzed between groups. Participants/Inclusion and exclusion criteria: Inclusion criteria: Having had a unilateral ACL reconstruction, being within 9-18 months of the reconstruction, having no pain, swelling, and having full and painless range of motion in the knee, ankle, neck, and lumbar joints. Achieving at least 80% of the quadriceps strength of the opposite limb, and performing all hop tests without pain and with an index of at least 80% of the opposite limb. Issuing permission to return to sports by the club's medical team for the athlete. Exclusion criteria: pain during exercise, missing more than 3 training sessions, inability to perform functional tasks (due to visual and/or hearing impairment, vestibular and neurological disorders), re-injury after surgery Intervention groups: Intervention group: Eight weeks of neuromuscular training with visual disturbance Control group: Eight weeks of neuromuscular training Main outcome variables: Knee joint kinematic; Knee joint kinetic; Knee joint performance
IRCTID: IRCT20250314065070N1
  1. Comparison of the effects of reactive neuromuscular training and traditional neuromuscular training on landing kinematics, balance, and performance of football players with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.
  2. The effect of neuromuscular training of intact knee on static& dynamic balance and performance of injured knee after ACLreconstruction.
  3. Effects of ankle joint taping on force plate system kinetic changes and lower limb functional activity in athletes with chronic ankle sprain in perturbation condition
  4. The effect of 6 weeks of plyometric exercises on the strength of muscles around the knee and lower extremity Functional performance in male underwent Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: A clinical trial study
  5. Comparison of the effects of an 8‑week combined intrinsic foot muscle strengthening and neuromuscular training program versus usual care on lower extremity kinetics and kinematics during single‑leg landing and running in men with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction and functional foot pronation: a randomized controlled trial
  6. The effect of 8-week of neuromuscular training with and without cognitive dual-task on proprioception, balance, strength and functional performance of athletes with anterior cruciate ligament deficiency
  7. The effect of neuromuscular training with neurocognitive training on selected psychological, functional and biomechanical factors in male athletes with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
  8. Comparing the effects of local, functional, and mental fatigue protocols on isokinetic strength, balance, and performance in healthy athletes and with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
  9. The effect of TRX suspension training on proprioception, landing error and fear of re-injury in athletes with a history of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
  10. Evaluation of the clinical outcomes of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction alone compared to anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction combined with iliotibial band tendon grafting using the Arnold and Coker method and modified iliotibial band tendinosis using the Lemaire method in patients with anterior cruciate ligament rupture.
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