slow learners institutes of Dera Ghazi khan division Multan, Pakistan, and each session would be of

Study aim: study aim was how tension type headache was improved by METS and myofascial release Design: A single blinded randomized control trial with sample size of 48 patients Settings and conduct: setting of study was in Rehabilitation and Injury Management Department of Medcare International Hospital Gujranwala Participants/Inclusion and exclusion criteria: Patients of both gender of age 18-40 years with diagnosis of tension type headache and chronic tension type headache were included. Other inclusion criteria regarding tension type headache were at least 10 episodes occurring on ≥1 day per month for at least 3 months. Headache episodes lasting from 30 minutes to 7 days Intervention groups: Muscle energy technique along with myofascial release technique on upper trapezius and sternocleidomastoid was applied on patients of experimental group . Only myofascial release technique was used on upper trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscle to control group Main outcome variables: Outcome variables of pain, range of motion and functional level of patients

Study aim: To determine the effects of spinal segmental exercises versus conventional treatment to improve trunk stability in sub acute stroke. Design: RCT Settings and conduct: Trial conduct in private clinics, Laraib physiotherapy clinic and perfect physio care clinic D.G.Khan. It was a single blind study in which participants are blind Participants/Inclusion and exclusion criteria: INCLUSION CRITERIA: a) Patients within 1 year after onset of stroke. b) Age 35 to 60 years. c) Patients with positive sharpened Romberg test (static balance). d) Patients with Modified Functional reach test (Dynamic balance) specific for sub acute. EXCLUSION CRITERIA a) Patients of pusher syndrome (defined as inclination to the hemi paretic side and giving resistance to any attempt at passive correction). b) Any incurable illness. c) Pain, limitation in the non-paretic lower extremity or restricted motion. d) Patient with cognitive disorders. Intervention groups: INTERVENTIONAL PROTOCOL Group A: In conventional group total 11 patients was recruited by giving conventional therapy for the period of 12 week, consisting of 1 hour of treatment per day, 3 times a week for 12 weeks. Conventional exercises include Exercise 1: supine lying – Leg lifts. Exercise 2: Abdominal crunches in crook lying position. Exercise 3.Back Isometrics. Main outcome variables: Two outcome measuring tools was used TIS (Trunk impairment scale) and Posture Zone mobile app.

Study aim: To compare the effectiveness static stretch technique and bent leg raise technique to increase the flexibility of hamstrings. Design: It was an experimental Randomized Clinical Trial, pretest/post-test study. Settings and conduct: study was conducted at Syed Medical Complex, Sialkot Pakistan

Study aim: To compare the effects of Lumbar Sustained Natural Appophyseal Glide and Muscle energy techniques on pain, Range of Motion and function in chronic nonspecific low back pain. Design: Two parallel group , double blinded, randomized clinical trial with pre and post assessment Settings and conduct: Riphah Rehab clinic. Participants and outcome Assessor blind: Data safety will be ensured by assigning Specific Identity numbers and all consent, readings forms will be placed in locker to blind assessors Participants/Inclusion and exclusion criteria: INCLUSION CRITERIA: 1. Subject between the ages 25 to 60. 2. Both male and female patients with low back pain. 3. Subject with history of 3 months continues or intermittent symptoms of low back pain. 4. The flexion of trunk at least 40-degree ROM. EXCLUSION CRITERIA: 1. Patient with history of pathology of spine (spine tumors,spinal infections, spondylosis, neurological deficit, pregnant women). 2. Patient pain will radiate down to the knee. 3. History of spinal surgery. Intervention groups: Intervention group A: lumber sustained natural appophyseal glide and conventional treatment. Intervention group B:Muscle Energy Technique (METs) of Quadratus Lumborum and conventional treatment. Main outcome variables: Numeric Pain Rating scale (NPRS),Modified Oswestry disability index (MODI),Lumber inclinometer

Centre, Lahore Pakistan Participants/Inclusion and exclusion criteria: Inclusion Criteria:  Patients

Department of Multan Institute of Kidney Diseases, Multan, Pakistan. Study was completed in 6 months. Sample

Study aim: To compare the effects of Same Arm Movement Therapy (SAME) Vs Constraint Induced Movement Therapy (CIMT) to improve upper-limb function in chronic Stroke. Design: Randomized clinical trial. Settings and conduct: Riphah Rehabilitation Center, Spine & Physiotherapy Rehab Centre Participants/Inclusion and exclusion criteria: Inclusion Criteria: Confirmed infract or Hemorrhage by a neurologist using either MRI or CT scan. Age between 30-65. History of stroke 1–6 months prior to participation in the project. Patients who provided consents to participate in the study. Proper balance and safety while wearing the restraint Exclusion Criteria: Patients were not considered for participation in the trial if: They were discharged from hospital within 1 week. Patients with implants such as Neuro stimulator containing electric circurity and implants generating electric sign. Patients with anxiety and claustrophobia with diagnosed psychological disorder. Patients undergoing chemotherapy. Alcohol dependency or evidence of substance abuse. Patients without any visual-perceptual problems. Patients without any communication barriers/language issue. Patients with no significant cognitive impairments Intervention groups: Group A: SAME Therapy treatment protocol consists of 8 weeks of mental rehearsal of upper limb movements during 45-min supervised sessions three times a week and structured independent sessions twice a week. Group B: CIMT treatment protocol consists of 8 weeks of daily intensive training of the affected extremity for 2 hours per day, 5 days per week, and 8 weeks in association with restriction of the non-affected extremity for 10 hours a day. Main outcome variables: Wolf motor function test, Action Research Arm test

Study aim: To Find The Effects Of Shoulder Joint Mobilization With Movement With And Without Scapular Mobilization On Pain,Range Of Motion And Function In Adhesive Capsulitis. Design: Two parallel groups ,Double blinded ,Randomized Controlled Trial. Settings and conduct: DHQ TEACHING HOSPITAL SARGODHA, Outcome assessor and participant will be blinded. Participants/Inclusion and exclusion criteria: Inclusion criteria: • Age 40-65 yrs with complaint of shoulder pain for last 3 months. • both genders. • NPRS score ≤ 6 screened written informed consent. • Diabetes and hypertension. • unilateral shoulder must have not move more then 90 degrees of abduction and 50% decreased external rotation as compared to normal side/normal ROMS values. Exclusion criteria: • Inflammatory Pathologies such as Rotator cuff tendinitis,rheumatoid arthritis. • Trauma. • Shoulder Surgeries,Malignancy . • Neurological disorders of upper extremity • Cervical or thoracic problem having cervical rib. • Intra articular injection in glenohumeral joint during last 03 months. Intervention groups: Intervention Group A:Shoulder Joint Mobilization With Movement. Intervention Group B:Shoulder Joint Mobilization With Movement With Scapular Mobilization. Main outcome variables: Pain intensity will be measured by NPRS. ROM of shoulder measured by universal Goniometer. Functional Disability by Shoulder Pain And Disability Index (SPADI).

Study aim: To determine the effects of mobilization with movement and Maitland grade III mobilization on pain and physical function in plantar fasciitis. Design: Randomised, superiority, parallel group trial with blinded outcome assessment. Randomisation was centralised and computerised with concealed randomisation sequence carried out at an external site Settings and conduct: This study will be conducted at Riphah Rehab Clinic.The treatment will be given for a total of 4 weeks.2 sessions given in each week. The outcome measure will be measured at baseline and after 4 weeks.Outcome assessor will be blinded. After taking informed written consent. Allot a distinct identification number and placed all written consent forms in locker to blind assessor. Participants/Inclusion and exclusion criteria: INCLUSION CRITERIA: 1. Age: 30-60 years 2. Both male and female patients with chronic plantar fasciitis 3. Tender medial side of the calcaneus on palpation 4. Pain occur on insertion of the plantar fascia by palpation 5. Pain occur in weight-bearing activities 6. Positive results of windlass test 7. Negative results of tarsal tunnel test EXCLUSION CRITERIA: 1. Patient having any arthritis such as rheumatoid arthritis, reactive arthritis 2. Tumor 3. Fracture of tarsals and metatarsals 4. Tarsal tunnel syndrome 5. Any recent surgery of ankle and foot Intervention groups: Intervention of group A=Mobilization with movement, Gastrocnemius stretching, Stretching of Plantar fascia, Ultrasound Therapy. Intervention of group B=Maitland grade III mobilization, Gastrocnemius stretching, Stretching of Plantar fascia,Ultrasound Therapy Main outcome variables: Numeric pain rating scale, Foot and ankle ability measure

Study aim: To compare the effectiveness of mirror therapy and motor relearning program in stroke. This study will compare the effects of both techniques on the motor function after stroke. The document which states that mirror therapy has therapeutic effect is. Jan, Shafqatullah, et al. "A randomized control trial comparing the effects of motor relearning program and mirror therapy for improving upper limb motor functions in stroke patients." JPMA 69.1242 (2019). Design: Randomised control trial with blinded outcome assessment.Randomisation was computerised with concealed allocation sequence carried out at an external site. Settings and conduct: The study will be conducted in the Sheikh Zayed Hospital and Al Noor Hospital of Rahim Yar Khan city.The outcome assessor will be blind. Participants/Inclusion and exclusion criteria: Inclusion Criteria Age between 40 to 65 years, both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, both male and female will be included, Must have intact/unaffected extremity Exclusion Criteria Patients who are not medically stable, Patients who have dementia, Other musculoskeletal, vascular related conditions, impaired cognitive functions, Rare cardiac diseases, Progressive Neurological disorder, Orthopedic disorder involving any joint of limbs Intervention groups: Group A.Motor relearning program(Experimental Group) Group B.Mirror therapy(Control Group) Main outcome variables: Motor function of upper and lower limb (Fugl meyer assessment scale)

Study aim: To compare the effects of breathing reeducation on clinical outcomes in non specific chronic neck pain. Design: A Randomised controlled trial,Double blinded,sample size of 80 patients single centre Settings and conduct: Trial will be conducted at district Headquarter Hospital Faisalabad,patient and therapist are blinded by sealed envelop method Participants/Inclusion and exclusion criteria: Inclusion criteria • Patients having non specific neck pain for more than 3 months • Patients having no history of respiratory disease • Patients having FEV1/FVC ratio=0.7 or 70% of the predicted • Age between 25-50 years Exclusion criteria • Smokers • Patients with upper cervical signs and symptoms • Prolong sitting Intervention groups: Intervention group will receive supervised breathing exercises focusing on proper inhalation, exhalation and chest expansion for 15 minutes in addition to routine physical therapy treatment. Patients will undergo the intervention twice a week for consecutive 8 weeks. Main outcome variables: Pain, ROM,Disability, Strength of neck muscles, Endurance, Quality of life, Vital capacity FET values

Study aim: To compare the effects of walking exercises and swiss ball exercises along-with walking exercises in reducing pain and improving lumbar extensors endurance and physical activity in non-specific low back pain among sedentary women. Design: Randomized Controlled trial, parallel group with participants and outcome assessors double blinded. A list was generated using computer generated table and concealment of allocation was made using sealed envelopes Settings and conduct: Gujrat Hospital Gujrat, participants and outcome assessors are blinded Participants/Inclusion and exclusion criteria: Inclusion criteria: 1. Age 18 to 40 years old; 2. Females with sedentary lifestyle or occupations; 3. Pain duration more than 6 weeks; 4. Not taken any previous exercise session for lumbar pain within last two months Exclusion criteria: 1. Presence of spinal deformity (scoliosis with cobb’s angle exceeding 10*); 2. History of recent lumbar or abdominal surgery; 3. Presence of systemic or inflammatory disease; 4. Severe knee or hip arthritis as it will affect walking; 5. Prolapsed intervertebral disc; 6. Fracture, tumors, ankylosing spondylitis Intervention groups: Group A: Perform fast walking on flat ground for 30 minutes with abdominal bracing. Group B: Perform fast walking on flat ground for 30 minutes with abdominal bracing alongwith swiss ball exercises ( swiss ball straight arm crunch, alternate arm and leg extension, wall squat, shoulder bridge, back extension, hamstring curl and leg raises) Main outcome variables: Pain and endurance of lumbar extensors using NPRS and Trunk extensors endurance test are primary outcomes. Secondary outcome is function measured by Modified Oswestry Disability Index.

Study aim: To compare the effect of cervical mobilization and thoracic manipulation on pain and function in myofascial temporomandibular joint dysfunction patients Design: Randomized Clinical trial. (RCT) Settings and conduct: • Life Line Hospital Lahore. • Fatima Memorial Hospital Shadman Lahore Participants/Inclusion and exclusion criteria: Inclusion criteria: 1 Myofascial pain in region of TMJ. 2. Reduced mouth opening measured by using 3fingers and 2 knuckles. 3. Age group in range of 20-40 years. 4. Females only. 5. Presence of any taut band and trigger point in surrounding area. 6. Reproduction of referred pain pattern of trigger point in response to palpation. 6.8 Exclusion criteria: 1. Degenerative TMJ arthritis 2. Malignant tumor of face and jaw. 3. History of fracture and dislocation of TMJ. 4. History of previous surgery of jaw or TMJ. 5. Neurological disorders includes stroke, bell’s palsy and spinal cord injury 6. Hypermobile TMJ. 7. Osteoporotic patient Intervention groups: Group A : Cervical Mobilization Group B : Thoracic Manipulation Main outcome variables: 1. Pain 2. Function

Study aim: To identify the effects of sustained natural Apophyseal gilde versus Cervical Manipulation in treatment of Mechanical neck pain Design: Randomized Clinical Trial,50 subjects (25 in each group) will be randomly allocated,single blinded study Settings and conduct: study conducted at KKT Orthopedic Spine Center and Royal Institute of Medical Sciences,Multan ,Sample size will be 50 individuals (25 each group) conducted in time duration of 6 months.group 1 patients got sustained natural Apophyseal glide and group 2 got cervical manipulation. Participants/Inclusion and exclusion criteria: inclusion criteria-1.- 50 patients both males and females with mechanical neck pain aged between 22 to 65 will be included.2-• hypo-mobility of the cervical range of motion.3-• Non -discogenic neck pain, stiffness, muscle tension, headache and migraine. exclusion criteria-1-• Any contraindication to systemic manifestation (e.g. inflammation, infection, advanced degeneration, congenital malformation, trauma, cerebrovascular abnormalities).2-• Positive neurological examination e.g. presence of positive motor reflex, or sensory abnormalities indicating spinal root compression.3-• cervical spine surgery or stenosis ,metabolic or systemic disorders or cancer.-. Intervention groups: Group A Subjects will be treated with Sustained Natural Apophyseal Glide (SNAG) which included two sessions per week. Patients in this group will receive a baseline treatment that is heating pad for 15 minutes before the treatment. Procedure will be repeat in sets of 5 to 10. Group B Subjects will be treated with Cervical Manipulation after baseline treatment that is heating pad for 15 minutes which included two sessions per week. Main outcome variables: pain,disability and cervical range of motion

Study aim: To determine the effectiveness of routine physical therapy with and without IASTM technique on pain intensity, range of motion and neck pain disability index in patients with neck pain due to upper crossed syndrome. Design: Randomized Clinical Trail Settings and conduct: The data will be collected from Physiotherapy Clinics, The Agile Institute of rehabilitation Sciences( AIRS) and National Orthopedic Hospital Bahawalpur. Participants/Inclusion and exclusion criteria: Inclusion Criteria: • Diagnosed patients complaining neck pain with forwarded head posture • Both Females and Males in age of 18-40 • Chronic Neck pain from at least 3 months • Neck pain Scoring More than 3 on Visual Analogue Scale Exclusion Criteria Patients with history of • Any previous surgery • Any type of Infection • Any type of Hypersensitive Skin • Diabetes Mellitus type II • Any type of Traumatic Injury • Any type of Psychological Disorder • Manual therapy contraindicated like osteoporosis, infection, disc-Herniation, neoplasm • Osteomyelitis, Ulcers, open wound including all in which IASTM is contraindicated • Rheumatoid Arthritis • Acute Inflammation • Burn Scars • Osteoporosis • Unhealed , closed and non complicated fractures Intervention groups: Group-A Routine Physical Therapy (RPT) Group-B Experimental Group(IASTM) Main outcome variables: Pain Cervical Range of Motion Neck Disability Index(Functional Assessment Tool)

conducted in physical therapy department of Kulsum International Hospital, Islamabad Pakistan. Study

Study aim: The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the clinical outcomes of adding Kinesio taping to standard treatment modalities (medication, physiotherapy, and exercises) in patients with LBP, specifically in terms of pain relief, functional improvement, and overall recovery. Design: This RCT with a parallel-group design compares Kinesio taping + standard care vs. standard care alone in 100 patients with Low Back Pain. Randomization & Allocation Participants will be randomly assigned to either: Intervention: Kinesio taping + standard care Control: Standard care alone Allocation: Concealed randomization Follow-Up Assessments at 24 hours, 3 days, and 1 week post-intervention. Settings and conduct: Conducted in Clinical Settings, patients randomly allocated, and patients are not blinded Participants/Inclusion and exclusion criteria: Inclusion Criteria: • Adults aged 20-60 years • Diagnosed with chronic low back pain (non-specific) • Both genders • No recent back surgery or significant spinal abnormalities Exclusion Criteria: • Patients with inflammatory diseases (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis) • Pregnant women • Skin allergies, wounds, or infections in the back area • Neurological deficits (e.g., sciatica, herniated disc) • Obesity (BMI > 30) Intervention groups: The intervention group will have Kinesiotaping applied to the lumbar region based on standard KT methods for LBP. The tape will be applied for 3 consecutive days, following which it will be reapplied at regular intervals for one week. Physiotherapy and exercises will be administered as part of the treatment protocol for both groups. Medications, including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), will be prescribed based on individual needs. Main outcome variables: NRS and ODI

Study aim: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of using a cooler dialysate temperature (35.5°C) on hemodynamic stability in hypotensive patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing maintenance hemodialysis, compared to the standard dialysate temperature (37°C). Hemodialysis is a critical life-saving procedure, but complications such as intradialytic hypotension can lead to session interruptions and increased morbidity and mortality. This study is the first, to our knowledge, to specifically examine the benefits of cooler dialysate in a hypotensive ESRD population, with the goal of improving hemodynamic stability during dialysis sessions. Design: Parallel group, double blind, randomised controlled trial Settings and conduct: Conducted in a tertiary care hospital, the study ensures blinding of participants, healthcare providers, data collectors, and outcome assessors through concealed temperature settings. The design aims to minimize bias and assess the impact of cooler dialysate on intradialytic hypotension Participants/Inclusion and exclusion criteria: Patients from both genders between 18 and 60 years old who were on twice weekly HD and had hypotension were included. Patients with thyroid disease, anaemia, and taking anti-hypertensive medications were excluded. Intervention groups: Cooler dialysate temperature (35.5°C) on hemodynamic stability in hypotensive patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing maintenance hemodialysis, compared to the standard dialysate temperature (37°C). Main outcome variables: This double-blind, randomized trial assesses the impact of cooler dialysate (35.5°C) versus standard dialysate (37°C) on hemodynamic stability in hypotensive ESRD patients during hemodialysis.

Study aim: To screen out the psychosocial issues due to social media addiction. To compare the level of psychosocial issues among male and female students. To screen out the severity level of social media addiction. Design: This research study will be conducted in two phases: phase-I (screening and identification of psychosocial issues due to social media addiction), and phase-II (management of psychosocial issues due to social media addiction by using CBT). In this study 30, 30 students will be recruited for both groups with psychosocial issues. In phase-II, there will be two groups, experimental group (receive the treatment) and control group (will not receive the treatment) age between 18-25 years. For pre-test and post-test, researcher will use cross sectional research design for baseline assessment and evaluation, and at the time of management of psychosocial issues, there will be experimental research design. Settings and conduct: Following settings and conduct will be follow in this study: It is not blinded study, Informed consent, Privacy/ confidentiality, Voluntary participation, Right to withdraw, Potential to harm, Anonymity, and Results communication. Participants/Inclusion and exclusion criteria: Inclusion criteria: University students aged 18-25 (Years) Male, Female students Provide informed consent Exclusion criteria: More than 25 years age and less than 18 years age Do not provide informed consent Students with severe mental health disorder Student who are currently receiving psychological treatment Intervention groups: There will two intervention groups, experimental group (receive the treatment) and control group (will not receive the treatment) with psychosocial issues. Main outcome variables: Main outcome variables are: Reduction of Psychosocial issues like Depression, anxiety, stress, cyberbullying, loneliness, social comparison.

Study aim: the study aims to evaluate the short-term effects of Kinesio taping on pain reduction and functional improvement using the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) Design: Randomized controlled trial (RCT), parallel-group design, comparing the effects of Kinesio taping with standard care versus standard care alone in patients with knee OA. A total of 100 participants randomly assigned to either the intervention group (Kinesio taping + standard care) or the control group (standard care alone) using concealed allocation. The study will follow up participants at 24 hours, 3 days, and 1 week post-intervention to assess outcomes. Settings and conduct: conducted in clinical setting, patients randomly allocated and patients are not blinded Participants/Inclusion and exclusion criteria: Inclusion Criteria: 1. Aged 40 to 80 years 2. Chronic knee pain 3. Ability to provide informed consent 4.Intact skin over knee Exclusion Criteria: 1. Presence of skin allergies, open wounds, or infections at the application site. 2. Diagnosed with inflammatory joint diseases. 3. Patients with neurological disorders 4. Pregnant Intervention groups: Intervention group will receive Kinesio taping (K-tape) application on the affected knee joint in addition to standard care. Tape strip (5 cm wide, length adjusted to knee size) placed medially from the tibial tuberosity to the rectus femoris muscle and another strip laterally. At middle portion 30-40% tension, at ends 0% tension. The tape will remain in place for 24 hours, unless discomfort or skin irritation occurs, in which case it will be removed. Main outcome variables: NRS and western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index( WOMAC)

. Settings and conduct: Ghurki Trust Teaching Hospital Lahore, Pakistan. Participants/Inclusion and

Study aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of oral celecoxib over oral acetaminophen as pre-emptive analgesic for pain control after impacted mandibular third molar surgery, thus identifying the group of drugs that is more effective to achieve pre-emptive analgesia. Design: Randomized Controlled clinical trial with a parallel group design of 70 patients, enrolled between 18th February 2021 to 18th August 2021 and followed for 6 months Settings and conduct: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, AFID, Rawalpindi. Participants/Inclusion and exclusion criteria: Inclusion crieteria: patients of both gender with age range 17-50 years, Patients with at least one impacted mandibular third molar that is indicated for surgical extraction, Patients with no intake of analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs for 1 week. Exclusion crieteria: Pregnant or nursing women.Patients with serious diseases like liver, kidney and cardiovascular diseases.Patients with ulcers or bleeding in the digestive tract.Patients who are unable to express subjective discomfort symptoms.Patients with periodontal disease involving the adjacent teeth. Intervention groups: Intervention group is more efficacious as pre-emptive analgesic for post-operative pain control, in terms of mean pain reduction and low intake dose of rescue analgesic, after impacted mandibular third molar surgery. Main outcome variables: The mean post-operative pain score at 4, 6 and 8 hours was 5.60 ± 1.29, 5.34 ± 1.16 and 5.66 ± 1.26 for group A (oral acetaminophen) ver us 3.0 ± 1.24, 2.97 ± 1.10 and 2.86 ± 1.22 for group B (oral celecoxib) (p-value = 0.0001). The mean Ibuprofen consumption (number of tablets) within 24 hours was 2.40 ± 0.88 for group A (oral acetaminophen) versus 0.97 ± 0.66 for group B (oral celecoxib) (p-value = 0.0001).

Study aim: To compare the efficacy of TaurolockHEP500®, as half and one third of standard dose on prevention of catheter related blood stream infection and catheter dysfunction in patients undergoing hemodialysis via tunneled double lumen catheter. Design: Two arm parallel group randomized trial, phase N/A, sample size of 314 , two centers Settings and conduct: Randomized controlled study was conducted at Armed Forces Institute of Urology Rawalpindi and Pak Emirates Military Hospital Rawalpindi from September, 2023 to April, 2024. Participants/Inclusion and exclusion criteria: Inclusion Criteria: This study included patients who were undergoing hemodialysis via a tunneled double lumen catheter with blood flow rate (BFR) of > 250 mL/min at the start of the study and without previous history of CRBSI. Exclusion Criteria: Patients with catheter dysfunction defined by a (BFR) of < 250 mL/min, allergic to used drugs, with previous history of catheter dysfunction and CRBSI, IV drug abusers, changing dialysis from catheter to AVF were excluded from the study. Intervention groups: After every hemodialysis session, an injection TaurolockHEP500® was administered into the tunnelled double-lumen catheter in half dose for Group A (Intervention Group 1) and one-third dose for Group B (Intervention Group 2). The rest of the space in the catheter’s lumen was filled with heparin. All the patients were then followed for three months. Main outcome variables: Fever and rigors during hemodialysis CRP Blood flow rate during hemodialysis Blood culture and sensitivity

Study aim: To determine the effect of coordinative locomotor training on pain, balance and gait in chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy patients Design: A randomized controlled trial with two parallel groups, a single blinded study of 3rd phase with 19 patients in each group which in total is 38 Settings and conduct: Allied Hospital Faisalabad, Madina teaching hospital Faisalabad. patientswill be kept unaware which group they are allocated to. Participants/Inclusion and exclusion criteria: • Age 35 to 60 years • Both genders male and female • Willing to participate in research • Cancer patients of stage Ⅰ-Ⅲ • Receiving neurotoxic drugs (platinum based, taxanes based or both in combination) • Have received at least 4 cycles of chemotherapy treatment • Having numbness and tingling in distal areas • Pain in distal areas • At medium (19-24) to high (<19) risk of fall according to POMA • Able to communicate in Punjabi/Urdu/English • Cognitive dysfunction (Mini-Mental State exam score˂24) • Any recent major surgery • Unhealed lower extremity fracture • Having diabetic neuropathy before getting chemotherapy drugs • Other neurological problems including brain cancer • Cardiovascular diseases • Bone metastasis • Lower limb lymphedema • Musculoskeletal problems • amputated limb • with abnormal visual or auditory senses • uncooperative patients Intervention groups: Group A: coordinative locomotor training group. Group B: Conventional therapy group Main outcome variables: 1.pain 2.balance 3.gait